Table 2. Descriptive and comparative statistics for the psycho-functional, anthropometric, multidimensional and bioelectrical variables in healthy controls (HC), Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) women.
HC (N = 29). | MCI (N = 20). | AD (N = 35) | F | Post Hoc § | F ♯ | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographic variables | ||||||
Age (y) | 75.1 ± 6.4 | 76.9 ± 4.5 | 82.1 ± 4.8 | 14.82*** | HC<AD; MCI<AD | |
Education (y) | 8.0 ± 3.4 | 6.5 ± 3.5 | 6.1 ± 3.3 | 2.46 | 3,81* | |
Psycho-functional indicators | ||||||
MMSE score | 29.2 ± 0.9 | 25.9 ± 2.5 | 18.9 ± 4.9 | 75.42*** | AD<MCI; MCI<HC | 50,12*** |
GDS scorea | 7.6 ± 4.0 | 10.7 ± 5.6 | 7.6 ± 5.0 | 2.56 | 1,96 | |
ADL (functions lost) | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 1.9 ± 1.8 | 27.09*** | HC = MCI<AD | 21,87*** |
IADL (functions lost) | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 0.3 ± 0.6 | 5.0 ± 2.0 | 104.93*** | HC<MCI<AD | 102,38*** |
Nutritional indicators | ||||||
MNA screening score | 12.7 ± 1.4 | 12.4 ± 2.4 | 11.8 ± 1.4 | 2.24 | 2,02 | |
MNA global score | 14.4 ± 1.1 | 13.0 ± 1.4 | 11.6 ± 1.7 | 28.80*** | AD<MCI <HC | 19,90*** |
MNA total score | 27.1 ± 4.5 | 25.4 ± 3.1 | 23.4 ± 2.7 | 16.62*** | AD<HC | 12,11*** |
Anthropometric variables | ||||||
BMI (kg/m2) | 27.2 ± 4.5 | 25.8 ± 4.3 | 25.1 ± 3.9 | 1.87 | 1,88 | |
Arm circumfence (cm) | 26.9 ± 3.2 | 25.4 ± 2.8 | 25.0 ± 3.1 | 3.02 | 3,07* | |
Calf circumfence (cm) | 33.9 ± 2.8 | 33.1 ± 2.7 | 30.9 ± 3.5 | 7.68** | AD<HC = MCI | 5,58** |
Waist circumfence (cm) | 93.0 ± 12.2 | 86.4 ± 9.5 | 86.4 ± 10.5 | 3.48 | 2,37 | |
Bioelectrical variables | ||||||
Rz/h (Ώ/m) | 286.8 ± 34.3 | 303 ± 38.2 | 311.9 ± 30.9 | 4.40* | HC<AD | 3,30* |
Xc/h (Ώ/m) | 30.2 ± 4.1 | 29.3 ± 3.4 | 29.5 ± 5.0 | 0.30 | 4,71** | |
PA (°) | 6.1 ± 0.6 | 5.6 ± 0.6 | 5.4 ± 0.7 | 6.39* | AD<HC | 17,54*** |
Z/h (Ώ/m) | 288.4 ± 34.4 | 305 ± 38.2 | 313.4 ± 31.0 | 7.20* | HC<AD | 3,21* |
Values are expressed as mean ± standard deviation.
§ only significant differences are shown.
a available for HC, MCI and 14,3% AD group.
* p<0.05.
** p<0.01.
*** p< 0.001.
♯ general linear multivariate model (adjusted for age).