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. 2016 Aug 12;7(35):56107–56119. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.11271

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Copyright: © 2016 Guan et al.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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Chronic HBV infection up-regulates the expression of transcription factors GATA-2 and GATA-3 in HBV⁺ hepatoma cells. GATA-2 and GATA-3 directly target the MICA/B promoter to inhibit MICA/B transcription. Meanwhile, HBx binds with GATA-2 or GATA-3 and acts as a co-regulator contributing to the GATA-2 and GATA-3-mediated down-regulation of MICA expression. HBc directly binds to the the CpG island of the MICA or MICB promoter and inhibits MICA/B expression.