Figure 8. Schematic representation of putative PXR roles in CSC survival and tumor recurrence.

PXR expression in CSCs leads to enhanced transcription of PXR target genes promoting CSC plasticity by providing these cells with a defense arsenal that includes drug-metabolizing and transporter genes, enhanced capacity to deal with oxidative stress and genome alterations, and enhanced anti-apoptotic capabilities. Targeting PXR expression/activity using pharmacological inhibitors, may down regulate this multi-faceted protection against cytotoxic drugs and improve the efficiency of conventional chemotherapy in CRC patients through the sensitization of CSCs.