Table 2.
Comparison of demographics, clinical, diagnostic, and therapy-related results in patients with HIV–VL vs. VL monoinfection
| Variables at baseline | Parameters | VL | HIV–VL | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 460 | N = 53 | |||
| Age in years | Mean ± SD | 28 ± 14 | 34 ± 8 | 0.67 |
| Male gender | N (%) | 225 (48.9) | 41 (77.4) | < 0.001 |
| Liver palpable below right costal margin (in cm) | Mean ± SD | 3.4 ± 2.1 | 3.9 ± 1.8 | 0.41 |
| Spleen palpable below left costal margin (in cm) | Mean ± SD | 9.4 ± 3.9 | 9.7 ± 3.3 | 0.37 |
| Hemoglobin at baseline (gm/dL) | Mean ± SD | 7.8 ± 1.4 | 7.5 ± 1.7 | 0.01 |
| Total leukocyte count (/μL) | Mean ± SD | 2,457 ± 1,905 | 2,722 ± 1,486 | 0.11 |
| Platelet count at baseline (/μL) | Mean ± SD | 1.3 ± 0.5 | 1.3 ± 0.7 | 0.71 |
| rK39 positivity in serum | N (%) | 454 (98.7) | 50 (94.3) | 0.056* |
| rK39 positivity in urine | N (%) | 457 (99.3) | 52 (98.1) | 0.33* |
| Initial cure rate | N (%) | 456 (99.1) | 51 (96.2) | 0.12 |
| After initial cure is achieved | ||||
| Variables after initial cure | Parameters | VL | HIV–VL | P value |
| N = 456 | N = 51 | |||
| One or more relapses of VL within the first 6 months of follow-up | N (%) | 30 (6.5) | 18 (34) | < 0.001 |
| Relapse-free survival at 12 months | N (%) | 418 (90.9) | 33 (64.7) | < 0.001 |
| Mortality | N (%) | 2 (0.4) | 11 (21.6) | < 0.001 |
HIV–VL = human immunodeficiency virus–visceral leishmaniasis; SD = standard deviation.
*
Comparison of proportions done with Fisher's exact test.