. 2017 Jan;9(1):70–79. doi: 10.21037/jtd.2017.01.18

Table 3. Sequentially recorded variables of the 145 patients in the first 24 postoperative hours according to ICU length of stay.

Variable	ICU LOS	Time elapsed after ICU admission (hours)				Interaction P value
Variable	ICU LOS	0–1	1–4	4–12	12–24	Interaction P value
Temperature, °C	N	36.2±0.7	36.8±0.8*	37.6±0.7^†	37.4±0.5	0.009
Temperature, °C	P	36.1±0.8	36.5±0.9*	37.3±0.7^†	37.3±0.6
HR, beats/min	N	86±13	86±15	88±13	87±12	0.4
HR, beats/min	P	87±15	88±16	89±13	90±13
SAP, mmHg	N	123±14	118±15	120±14	126±13	0.254
SAP, mmHg	P	121±18	119±17	117±13	124±17
DAP, mmHg	N	65±10*	62±9	62±7	65±7^†	0.008
DAP, mmHg	P	61±9*	60±9	61±9	61±9^†
MAP, mmHg	N	84±11*	80±11	81±8	84±8*	0.024
MAP, mmHg	P	80±11*	79±10	79±10	80±11*
CVP, mmHg	N	14±3	14±3	14±3*	13±3	0.432
CVP, mmHg	P	14±4	16±4	15±4*	15±5
Blood gases
pH	N	7.42±0.05	7.44±0.05	7.41±0.04	7.40±0.03	0.365
pH	P	7.41±0.05	7.42±0.06	7.41±0.05	7.41±0.05
PaO₂, mmHg	N	285±105	186±43^†	147±35*	117±27	0.039
PaO₂, mmHg	P	269±108	164±48^†	135±34*	111±30
PaCO₂, mmHg	N	35.1±4.7	33.6±4.7*	36.0±4.9	37.5±4.1	0.105
PaCO₂, mmHg	P	36.7±5.8	35.3±4.8*	35.7±4.7	37.9±5.3
HCO₃⁻, mmol/L	N	22.8±1.2	22.7±1.2	22.6±1.5	23.1±1.6	0.301
HCO₃⁻, mmol/L	P	23.0±1.8	23.1±2.28	22.8±2.6	23.4±2.6
SaO₂, %	N	99.6±0.4	99.2±0.6*	98.8±0.9	98.1±1.3	0.041
SaO₂, %	P	99.4±0.5	98.9±0.8*	98.7±0.9	97.8±1.7
PcvO₂, mmHg	N	36.9±6.1	34.5±4.2	37.2±5.2	35.9±4.7	0.779
PcvO₂, mmHg	P	39.1±14.3	34.5±5.1	35.6±5.8	36.1±4.4
ScvO₂, %	N	67.8±9.9	63.6±7.2	66.6±7.9	65.0±7.8	0.335
ScvO₂, %	P	70.5±8.1	64.4±8.1	65.8±9.1	66.0±7.1
PcvCO₂, mmHg	N	41.3±5.2	42.6±6.1	44.0±5.2	44.4±4.4	0.504
PcvCO₂, mmHg	P	42.7±6.3	43.2±5.6	43.0±5.5	45.2±5.6
Lactate, mmol/L	N	1.89±0.84*	1.69±0.93	1.55±0.76*	1.49±0.70^†	0.008
Lactate, mmol/L	P	2.38±1.81*	2.18±2.05	2.29±2.41*	1.97±1.17^†
Hb, g/dL	N	10.09±1.12	10.39±1.01*	10.89±1.00†	11.18±0.86*	0.009
Hb, g/dL	P	9.88±1.26	10.02±1.14*	10.36±1.09†	10.78±1.15*
Glucose, mg/dL	N	147±27*	141±28^ǂ	167±33*	168±29*	0.001
Glucose, mg/dL	P	163±43*	163±43^ǂ	182±41*	182±36*
PaO₂/FiO₂, mmHg	N	336±114*	358±98^†	333±85^ǂ	359±92^ǂ	<0.001
PaO₂/FiO₂, mmHg	P	292±103*	304±85^†	277±80^ǂ	259±100^ǂ
D(A-a)O₂, mmHg	N	288±113*	149±67	129±57^ǂ	75±57^ǂ	<0.001
D(A-a)O₂, mmHg	P	340±110*	183±70	178±69^ǂ	170±89^ǂ
P(cv-a)CO₂, mmHg	N	6.26±4.82	9.16±3.78	7.84±4.30	6.97±3.15	0.501
P(cv-a)CO₂, mmHg	P	6.03±5.87	8.15±3.79	7.53±3.69	7.32±3.47
CaO₂, mL/dL	N	14.56±1.51	14.59±1.37*	15.09±1.33^†	15.29±1.24*	0.003
CaO₂, mL/dL	P	14.20±1.66	13.99±1.57*	14.33±1.46^†	14.70±1.60*
CcvO₂, mL/dL	N	9.42±1.70	9.08±1.25	9.98±1.50*	10.02±1.56	0.24
CcvO₂, mL/dL	P	9.60±1.60	8.90±1.57	9.40±1.73*	9.82±1.62
C(a-cv)O₂, mL/dL	N	5.13±1.40*	5.51±1.23*	5.11±1.29	5.27±1.11*	0.005
C(a-cv)O₂, mL/dL	P	4.60±1.26*	5.09±1.15*	4.93±1.32	4.86±1.00*

Values are mean ± SD. *, P<0.05 for differences between groups; ^†, P<0.01 for differences between groups; ^ǂ, P<0.001 for differences between groups. ICU, intensive care unit; LOS, length of stay; N, normal; P, prolonged; HR, heart rate; SAP, systolic arterial blood pressure; MAP, mean arterial blood pressure; DAP, diastolic arterial blood pressure; CVP, central venous pressure; PaO_2, partial pressure of arterial oxygen; PaCO₂, partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide; HCO₃⁻, bicarbonate; SaO_2, hemoglobin oxygen saturation of arterial blood; PcvO₂, partial pressure of central venous oxygen; ScvO₂, hemoglobin oxygen saturation in central venous blood; PcvCO₂, partial pressure of central venous carbon dioxide; Hb, hemoglobin; PaO₂/FiO₂, ratio of arterial oxygen partial pressure to inspired oxygen fraction; D(A-a)O₂, alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient; P(cv-a)CO₂, central venous to arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure difference; CaO₂, arterial oxygen content; CcvO₂, central venous oxygen content; C(a-cv)O₂, arteriovenous oxygen content difference.