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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Apr 11.
Published in final edited form as: Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. 2016 Oct 11;20(1):55–60. doi: 10.1038/pcan.2016.41

Table 3.

Multivariable linear regression analysis of prostate volume controlling for serum 25-OH D and covariates of prostate volumea

Characteristic All Men
(n = 571) 		Negative Biopsies
(N = 197) 		Prostate Cancer
(N = 374)
β Coeff. (95 % CI) p-value β Coeff. (95 % CI) p-value β Coeff. (95 % CI) p-value
Age at enrollment, years 0.37 (0.08, 0.66) 0.01 0.84 (0.28, 1.40) 0.003 0.31 (−0.01, 0.622) 0.057
Serum 25-OH D < 20 ng/ml 4.40 0.13, 8.65) 0.04 7.71 (−0.68, 16.1) 0.07 2.80 (−1.66, 7.26) 0.22
PSA at diagnosis, ng/ml 0.34 (0.07, 0.60) 0.01 0.67 (0.11, 1.23) 0.02 0.29 (0.01, 0.56) 0.04
5-ARI use, yes 18.7 (11.5, 26.0) < 0.001 11.4 (−0.03, 22.8) 0.051 13.4 (3.72, 23.1) 0.007
Obesityb 5.91 (1.51, 10.3) 0.009 9.10 (0.20, 18.0) 0.045 4.58 (−0.03, 9.18) 0.052
a

Model controlling for all variables above; covariates removed from model if p > 0.10;

b

Defined as a BMI greater than or equal to 30 kg/m2;

Abbreviation: 5-ARI = 5-alpha reductase inhibitor, PSA = prostate specific antigen