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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Feb 15.
Published in final edited form as: Neuroimage. 2016 Dec 13;147:262–271. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.12.022

Figure 4. Effects of aging on positive and negative modulation of activation to difficulty.

Figure 4

Increasing age was associated with decreased modulation to difficulty in both regions of positive modulation (hot colors in panel A) and regions of negative modulation (cool colors in panel A). The regions of age-reduced modulation included right lateralized fronto-parietal and anterior cingulate regions (A; hot clusters) and ventromedial prefrontal, posterior cingulate, left angular and left middle frontal cortices (A; cool clusters). Panel B illustrates age-related decreases in mean positive modulation regions to Hard relative to Easy averaged across all hot clusters. Panel C illustrates age-related decreases in mean negative modulation averaged across all cool clusters. Color-scale indicates t-values. Abbreviations: LH – Left Hemisphere; RH – Right Hemisphere.