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. 2013 Jul 3;3(3):325–356. doi: 10.3390/nano3030325

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© 2013 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).

PMC Copyright notice

Two proposed mechanisms for the photodegradation of MB by rGO/ZnO composite under visible light and energy diagram of excited MB, graphene and the conduction band of ZnO. (a) The excitation of the semiconductor produced by light irradiation generates an electron-hole pair. The reaction with the organic pollutant takes place in the movement of those charges towards the particle surface. (b) The dye, which act as a light sensitizer, is excited and transfers electrons. It becomes a cationic radical that self-degrades. Reprinted with copyright permission from reference [131]. Copyright © 2013, Elsevier.