Table 4. Relationship between the three Scales and the survey’s independent variables investigated with GLM.
The direction of the relationship is indicated with + or–in brackets. Only differences with p < 0.003 were considered significant and are highlighted.
| Owner’s Empathy Scale (OE) | Dog’s Reactivity to the Owner’s Emotions Scale (DROE) | Dog’s Reactivity to Other Dogs’ Behaviour Scale (DRDB) | |||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HUNGARIAN | GERMAN | HUNGARIAN | GERMAN | HUNGARIAN | GERMAN | ||||||||||||||||
| Variables | Df HU | Df G | F | Sig. | Partial Eta Squared | F | Sig. | Partial Eta Squared | F | Sig. | Partial Eta Squared | F | Sig. | Partial Eta Squared | F | Sig. | Partial Eta Squared | F | Sig. | Partial Eta Squared | |
| BREED | 1 | 1 | .005 | .943 | .000 | 1.758 | .185 | .001 | 5.601 | .018 | .013 | .392 | .531 | .000 | 7.154 | .008 | .017 | 3.791 | .052 | .002 | |
| SEX | 3 | 3 | .382 | .766 | .003 | .069 | .976 | .000 | .861 | .461 | .006 | 1.091 | .352 | .001 | .625 | .599 | .004 | .633 | .594 | .001 | |
| AGE | 1 | 1 | .104 | .748 | .000 | .553 | .457 | .000 | .031 | .860 | .000 | 6.915 | .009 | .003 | .056 | .814 | .000 | 6.317 | .012 | .003 | |
| AGE AT ACQ | 1 | 1 | .642 | .423 | .002 | .195 | .659 | .000 | .720 | .397 | .002 | .114 | .736 | .000 | .273 | .602 | .001 | .309 | .578 | .000 | |
| KEEPING | 1 | 1 | .008 | .927 | .000 | 1.810 | .179 | .001 | .649 | .421 | .002 | .115 | .735 | .000 | 1.164 | .281 | .003 | .149 | .700 | .000 | |
| TRAINING | 2 | 2 | .831 | .436 | .004 | 4.167 | .016 | .004 | .727 | .484 | .003 | .707 | .493 | .001 | 1.080 | .340 | .005 | .285 | .752 | .000 | |
| OWNER GENDER | 1 | 1 | 2.556 | .111 | .006 | 6.310 | .012 | .003 | 1.402 | .237 | .003 | 9.881 (women +) | .002 | .004 | 1.409 | .236 | .003 | 9.176 (women +) | .002 | .004 | |
| OWNER AGE | 1 | 1 | .179 | .672 | .000 | 1.108 | .293 | .000 | .043 | .836 | .000 | 1.737 | .188 | .001 | 1.776 | .183 | .004 | 1.321 | .251 | .001 | |
| CHILDREN | 1 | 1 | 2.535 | .112 | .006 | .666 | .415 | .000 | .066 | .797 | .000 | 1.344 | .246 | .001 | .003 | .953 | .000 | 2.471 | .116 | .001 | |
| NO PROBLEM | 1 | 1 | 9.409 (-) | .002 | .022 | 20.852 (-) | <0.001 | .009 | 2.843 | .092 | .007 | .004 | .951 | .000 | 8.188 | .004 | .019 | 81.578 (+) | <0.001 | .035 | |
| THINK CHILD | 1 | 1 | 1.986 | .159 | .005 | 5.133 | .024 | .002 | 17.761 (+) | <0.001 | .040 | 42.889 (+) | <0.001 | .019 | 7.602 | .006 | .018 | 19.247 (+) | <0.001 | .009 | |
| VIP | 1 | 1 | 6.598 | .011 | .015 | 34.717 (-) | <0.001 | .015 | 1.337 | .248 | .003 | .013 | .909 | .000 | .117 | .733 | .000 | 1.600 | .206 | .001 | |
| LIKE ME | 1 | 1 | 2.945 | .087 | .007 | .483 | .487 | .000 | 6.527 | .011 | .015 | 56.213 (+) | <0.001 | .025 | .050 | .823 | .000 | 7.656 | .006 | .003 | |
| PUPPY PIC | 1 | 1 | 13.277 (+) | <0.001 | .030 | 39.033 (+) | <0.001 | .017 | .079 | .779 | .000 | 3.419 | .065 | .002 | 1.675 | .196 | .004 | .104 | .747 | .000 | |
| ADULT DOG PIC | 1 | 1 | .602 | .438 | .001 | 2.783 | .095 | .001 | 1.113 | .292 | .003 | 4.530 | .033 | .002 | .040 | .842 | .000 | 2.660 | .103 | .001 | |
| YAWNING | 1 | 1 | .018 | .894 | .000 | 38.141 (+) | <0.001 | .017 | 18.577 (+) | <0.001 | .042 | 183.084 (+) | <0.001 | .076 | 3.618 | .058 | .008 | 98.580 (+) | <0.001 | .042 | |
| Error | 423 | 2230 | |||||||||||||||||||
Abbreviations: NO PROBLEM: “I have no problems with my dog at all.”, THINK CHILD: “My dog thinks like a child.”, VIP: “My dog means more to me than any human being“, LIKE ME: “Due to my dog I feel that somebody loves me”, PUPPY PIC: "The puppy in the picture is cute", ADULT DOG PIC: "The adult dog in the picture is cute", YAWNING:” My dog tends to yawn when I yawn”, OE Scale: Owner’s Empathy Scale, DROE Scale: Dog’s Reactions to the Owner’s Emotions Scale, DRDB Scale: Dog’ Reactions to Other Dog’s Behaviour Scale.