Table 1.
Baseline characteristics
| Intervention (N = 149) | Control (N = 75) | |
|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 59.0 ± 9.9 (33, 81) | 59.5 ± 11.0 (22, 80) |
| Weight (kg) | 98 ± 21 (51, 170) | 99 ± 19 (61, 161) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 33.1 ± 6.2 (18.8, 54.1) | 33.3 ± 5.5 (23.7, 52.4) |
| Duration of diabetes (years) | 17 ± 8 (2, 43) | 18 ± 8 (4, 37) |
| Duration of insulin use (years) | 9 ± 6 (0, 40) | 10 ± 7 (1, 35) |
| Screening HbA1c (mmol/mol) | 72.0 ± 10.6 (59, 103) | 73.5 ± 11.3 (59, 104) |
| (%) | 8.74 ± 0.97 (7.5, 11.6) | 8.88 ± 1.04 (7.5, 11.7) |
| Self-reported blood glucose frequency per day | 3.6 ± 1.28 (1, 10) | 3.9 ± 1.33 (2, 10) |
| Insulin, total daily dose | ||
| Basal (units) | 40.4 ± 22.6 (n = 138) | 42.3 ± 25.1 (n = 70) |
| Bolus (units) | 50.5 ± 32.5 (n = 141) | 54.8 ± 32.7 (n = 70) |
| CSII (units) | 76.9 ± 49.8 (n = 8) | 82.6 ± 37.0 (n = 3) |
| Gender, male | 94 (63%) | 56 (75%) |
| White | 141 (95%) | 70 (93%) |
| Black | 2 (1%) | 1 (1%) |
| Asian/Pacific Islander | 3 (2%) | 2 (3%) |
| Other | 3 (2%) | 2 (3%) |
| Insulin pen device | 140 (94%) | 71 (95%) |
| CSII | 8 (5%) | 4 (5%) |
| Insulin syringe | 1 (1%) | 0 (0%) |
| Previous CGM use | 11 (7%) | 4 (5%) |
| Employed | 62 (42%) | 34 (45%) |
| Not employed/retired/other | 83 (56%) | 40 (53%) |
| Insulin management training | ||
| <1 year ago | 44 (30%) | 28 (37%) |
| >1 year ago | 100 (67%) | 42 (56%) |
| Carbohydrate counting training | ||
| <1 year ago | 44 (30%) | 27 (36%) |
| >1 year ago | 53 (36%) | 25 (33%) |
| Bolus dose titration based on meal content | 96 (64%) | 47 (63%) |
| Bolus dose titration based on current glucose level | 116 (78%) | 60 (80%) |
| Bolus dose titration using sliding scale | 57 (38%) | 32 (43%) |
Data are presented as mean ± SD (min, max) or n (%)