Table 1.
Summary statistics, international sample
| Mean | 25th Percentile | Median | 75th Percentile | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Panel A: Full Sample | |||||
| Infant mortality rate (IMR) | 62.24 | ||||
| Height-for-age | –1.49 | –2.59 | –1.53 | –0.47 | |
| Local open defecation | 0.35 | 0.00 | 0.14 | 0.72 | |
| Household open defecation | 0.35 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
| Population density per km2 | 443 | 31 | 81 | 239 | |
| ln(Density) | 4.48 | 3.43 | 4.39 | 5.47 | |
| GDP per capita (USD) | 1,079 | 324 | 525 | 1,249 | |
| Local piped water | 0.28 | 0 | 0 | 0.57 | |
| Local electrification | 0.41 | 0 | 0.22 | 0.92 | |
| Urban | 0.33 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
| Mother ever attended school | 0.61 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| Mother’s age at first birth | 19 | 17 | 91 | 21 | |
| Mother’s height (cm) | 130 | 126 | 130 | 134 | |
| n (IMR: live births) | 1,112,465 | ||||
| n (height: children under 5) | 858,514 | ||||
| Panel B: Below-Median Local Open Defecation | |||||
| Infant mortality rate | 50.98 | ||||
| Height-for-age | –1.31 | –2.32 | –1.28 | –0.28 | |
| Local open defecation | 0.03 | 0 | 0 | 0.06 | |
| Household open defecation | 0.03 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Population density per km2 | 677 | 39 | 91 | 308 | |
| ln(Density) | 4.71 | 3.66 | 4.51 | 5.73 | |
| GDP per capita (USD) | 1,379 | 360 | 771 | 1,718 | |
| Local piped water | 0.59 | 0.04 | 0.81 | 1.00 | |
| Local electrification | 0.41 | 0.00 | 0.25 | 0.88 | |
| Urban | 0.53 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| Mother ever attended school | 0.76 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
| Mother’s age at first birth | 20 | 17 | 19 | 22 | |
| Mother’s height (cm) | 130 | 127 | 130 | 134 | |
| Panel C: Above-Median Local Open Defecation | |||||
| Infant mortality rate | 73.39 | ||||
| Height-for-age | –1.85 | –2.95 | –1.87 | –0.78 | |
| Local open defecation | 0.67 | 0.40 | 0.72 | 0.95 | |
| Household open defecation | 0.66 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| Population density per km2 | 211 | 26 | 72 | 203 | |
| ln(Density) | 4.25 | 3.26 | 4.28 | 5.31 | |
| GDP per capita (USD) | 780 | 324 | 441 | 783 | |
| Local piped water | 0.24 | 0 | 0 | 0.46 | |
| Local electrification | 0.14 | 0 | 0 | 0.12 | |
| Urban | 0.13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Mother ever attended school | 0.46 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
| Mother’s age at first birth | 19 | 17 | 18 | 21 | |
| Mother’s height (cm) | 130 | 125 | 130 | 134 | |
Notes: Observations are individual children born alive in the 10 years before the survey. Children are included in the summary statistics sample if they are in either the IMR or the height sample.