Table 4.
Isometric handgrip strength (IHGS) of Brazilian jiu-jitsu athletes (data are presented as the mean ± SD)
| Athlete characteristics (n) | Right IHGS (kgf) |
Left IHGS (kgf) |
References |
|---|---|---|---|
| Male | |||
| High level athletes (n = 14) | 53.5 ± 3.2a | 48.5 ± 5.2b | Diaz-Lara et al. [106] |
| State level athletes—brown and black belt (n = 10) | 53 ± 6a | 50 ± 9b | Andreato et al. [4] |
| High level athletes (n = 26) | 48.5 ± 5.6a | 50.8 ± 5.2b | Diaz-Lara et al. [89] |
| State level athletes (n = 22) | 54.2 ± 6.7c | 51.4 ± 6.1 | Franchini et al. [72] |
| State level athletes—blue to black belt (n = 15) | 48.1 ± 5.7 | 45.5 ± 7.9 | Follmer et al. [90] |
| State level athletesd | Gasparotto et al. [107] | ||
| White belt (n = 18) | 40.1 ± 2.5e | ||
| Blue belt (n = 15) | 46.3 ± 3.3e | ||
| Purple belt (n = 20) | 41.4 ± 3.5e | ||
| Practitioners (n = 136) | 103 ± 17f | Schwartz et al. [16] | |
| State level athletes—blue belt (n = 12) | 38.0 ± 6.3a | 32.3 ± 6.3b | Andreato et al. [108] |
| High level athletes | Diaz-Lara et al. [20] | ||
| Novice—white to blue belt (n = 24) | 43.6 ± 7.1g | 43.3 ± 6.6g | |
| Expert—purple to black belt (n = 32) | 48.6 ± 6. 1 | 49.1 ± 7.0 | |
| High level athletes (n = 49) | 47.8 ± 8.3 | 46.2 ± 7.6 | Pietraszewska et al. [94] |
| Experienced—purple to black (n = 14) | 52.4 ± 11.8 | 50.6 ± 11.6 | Silva et al. [38] |
| Beginners—white belt (n = 14) | 46.7 ± 6.5 | 47.2 ± 5.8 | |
| State level athletes—white to brown belt (n = 35) | 45.9 ± 10.3 | 44.2 ± 11.1 | Andreato et al. [40] |
| State level athletes | Costa and Oliveira [109] | ||
| White and blue belt (n = 29) | 43.6 ± 9.0 | 41.1 ± 7.2 | |
| Purple to black belt (n = 17) | 46.3 ± 8.9 | 45.1 ± 9.6 | |
| All (n = 46) | 43.8 ± 10.2 | 42.3 ± 9.6 | |
| Beginner athletes—white and blue belt (n = 7) | 52.5 ± 9.1 | 49.9 ± 7.2 | Coswig et al. [21] |
| Experienced athletes—more than purple belt and high level (n = 7) | 57.0 ± 8.4 | 55.6 ± 7.6 | |
| High level (n = 11) | 43.7 ± 4.8 | 40.1 ± 3.8 | Vidal-Andreato et al. [1] |
| State level athletes—white and blue belt (n = 5) | 33.6 ± 5.5a | Neto and Dechechi, [110] | |
| High level athletesd | Matuzaki et al. [69] | ||
| White belt (n = 15) | 42.3 ± 10.2e | ||
| Blue belt (n = 17) | 49.2 ± 11.3e | ||
| Black belt (n = 6) | 50.2 ± 5.2e | ||
| High level athletes—brown and black belt (n = 21) | 51.2 ± 10.7 | 48.2 ± 10.3 | Oliveira et al. [62] |
| High level athletes—blue and purple belt (n = 29) | 49.6 ± 8.2 | 46.2 ± 8.2 | |
| All (n = 50) | 50.3 ± 9.1 | 47.0 ± 9.0 | |
Kgf kilogramme force
aDominant handgrip
bNon-dominant handgrip
cSignificant difference versus left handgrip from the same study
dThere was no comparison between groups
eDid not report the side evaluated
fSum of both hands
gSignificant difference versus expert group from the same study