Table 3.
Control cohort | Exposed cohort | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
n | % | n | % | |
Total | 147 953 | 100.0 | 74 272 | 100.0 |
Sex | ||||
Male | 67 441 | 45.6 | 33 865 | 45.6 |
Female | 80 512 | 54.4 | 40 407 | 54.4 |
Age group | ||||
Under 40 years | 9796 | 6.6 | 4635 | 6.2 |
40–49 years | 8994 | 6.1 | 4602 | 6.2 |
50–59 years | 16 574 | 11.2 | 8065 | 10.9 |
60–69 years | 28 142 | 19.0 | 13 887 | 18.7 |
70–79 years | 39 622 | 26.8 | 20 219 | 27.2 |
80–89 years | 36 087 | 24.4 | 18 403 | 24.8 |
≥90 years | 8738 | 5.9 | 4461 | 6.0 |
Year of index date | ||||
1987–1995 | 13 760 | 9.3 | 6917 | 9.3 |
1996–2000 | 19 999 | 13.5 | 10 037 | 13.5 |
2001–2005 | 50 809 | 34.3 | 25 508 | 34.3 |
2006–2010 | 46 108 | 31.2 | 23 143 | 31.2 |
2011–2013 | 17 277 | 11.7 | 8667 | 11.7 |
History of drug use | ||||
Oral contraceptives a | 4692 | 3.2 | 2368 | 3.2 |
Hormone replacement therapy a | 12 942 | 8.7 | 6332 | 8.5 |
Metformin | 15 068 | 10.2 | 8932 | 12.0 |
Aspirin | 65 507 | 44.3 | 36 310 | 48.9 |
Digoxin | 14 381 | 9.7 | 16 781 | 22.6 |
ACE inhibitors | 69 678 | 47.1 | 41 083 | 55.3 |
Family history of cancer | 2629 | 1.8 | 1269 | 1.7 |
Medical history | ||||
Hypertension | 75 674 | 51.1 | 36 634 | 49.3 |
Heart failure | 15 546 | 10.5 | 25 552 | 34.4 |
Liver disease | 3412 | 2.3 | 4773 | 6.4 |
Diabetes mellitus | 24 957 | 16.9 | 14 457 | 19.5 |
Abdominal pain | 26 881 | 18.2 | 14 233 | 19.2 |
BMI 25–30 kg m −2 | 82 386 | 55.7 | 42 121 | 56.7 |
BMI > 30 kg m −2 | 44 071 | 29.8 | 23 452 | 31.6 |
> 21 units alcohol/week | 12 086 | 8.2 | 6323 | 8.5 |
Never smoked | 61 781 | 41.8 | 31 012 | 41.8 |
> 20 cigarettes/day | 7357 | 5.0 | 3798 | 5.1 |
1 | 16 685 | 11.3 | 7998 | 10.8 |
2 | 18 496 | 12.5 | 9199 | 12.4 |
3 | 18 565 | 12.5 | 9342 | 12.6 |
4 | 17 705 | 12.0 | 8909 | 12.0 |
5 | 11 835 | 8.0 | 6119 | 8.2 |
Not available | 64 667 | 43.7 | 32 705 | 44.0 |
Number and percentage of women
ACE = angiotensin‐converting enzyme; BMI = body mass index