Table 1.
Studies investigating selenium intake and concentration in water and food in Europe.
| Country | Study | Subject number | Se intake/water and food content |
|---|---|---|---|
| UK [48] | Longitudinal study of healthy British adults using biochemical and molecular biomarkers |
63 | Women: 43 μg/day Men: 54 μg/day Average intake: 54 μg/day |
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| Spain [49] | Food intake and serum selenium concentration in elderly people |
205 | Women: 94.4 ± 23.6 μg/day Men: 107.1 ± 32.2 μg/day |
|
| |||
| France [50] | Case-control study of Se in people exposed to Se concentration in drinking water greater than the maximum recommended limit (10 μg/L) using an FFQ |
40 exposed subjects and 40 nonexposed controls |
Exposed subjects' intake: 64 ± 14 μg/day Nonexposed subjects' intake: 52 ± 14 μg/day |
|
| |||
| Belgium [4] | To determine the Se status of the population | 800 food products | Mean dietary Se intake: 60 μg/day |
|
| |||
| Republic of Slovenia [51] | Cross-sectional study to assess Se status during 3 months of basic military training in a group of recruits using analysis of diet samples |
15 recruits | 48 ± 10 μg/day |
|
| |||
| Italy [52] | Cross-sectional study of Se concentration in human milk after delivery compared to infant intake of Se from breast milk |
242 women and their breastfeeding infants |
Mean serum selenium concentration in milk: 12.1 ± 3.0 ng/g Mean selenium intake in infants: 9.5 ± 2.4 μg/day |
|
| |||
| Northern Ireland [53] | Case-control study of chronic heart failure patients using a 4-day food diary |
37 | Selenium intake: 40.4–43.0 μg/day |