Figure 3. AhR-knockdown increased autophagy in A549 cells.
A549 cells were transfected with AhR shRNA (provided by RNAicore) using lentivirus infection for 72 h. Cellular proteins were then isolated for western blottin and autophagy-related proteins were analysed. (a) Western blots showed that AhR knockdown increased the protein expression of BNIP3, ATG12-5, and LC3II/LC3I ratio but decreased p62 expression. (b) BafA1 (5 nM) treatment of wild-type and AhR knockdown cells for comparison of autophagy flux. Quantification of western blot data showing the fold-change in BNIP3, p62, ATG12-5, LC3, and ATG7 expression. Both BNIP3 and p62 were decreased, whereas ATG12-5 and LC3 were enhanced by AhR knockdown in A549 cells. Full-length blots are presented in Supplementary Fig. S15. The quantified data were analysed and expressed as the mean ± SD from three independent experiments. **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001 compared to the control group. ###P < 0.001 indicate a statistical difference between shAhR groups.