Table 4.
Baseline characteristics of OPACH participants by age group
| Age Group, years | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 63–69 | 70–79 | 80–89 | 90+ | p-value | |
| N (%) | 6489 | 666 (10.3) | 2600 (40.1) | 2953 (45.5) | 270 (4.2) | |
| Race/Ethnicity, n (%) | ||||||
| Non-Hispanic White | 3205 (49.4) | 94 (2.9) | 697 (21.8) | 2192 (68.4) | 222 (6.9) | <0.001 |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 2187 (33.7) | 373 (17.1) | 1264 (57.8) | 511 (23.4) | 39 (1.8) | |
| Hispanic/Latina | 1097 (16.9) | 199 (18.1) | 639 (58.3) | 250 (22.8) | 9 (0.8) | |
| Education, n (%) | ||||||
| High School or less | 1316 (20.4) | 101 (7.7) | 499 (37.9) | 652 (49.5) | 64 (4.9) | 0.002 |
| Some College | 2496 (38.7) | 267 (10.7) | 1024 (41.0) | 1111 (44.5) | 94 (3.8) | |
| College Graduate or more | 2634 (40.9) | 293 (11.1) | 1056 (40.1) | 1174 (44.6) | 111 (4.2) | |
| Current Smoker, n (%) | 164 (2.8) | 35 (21.3) | 81 (49.4) | 47 (28.7) | 1 (0.6) | <0.001 |
| Alcohol Use, n (%) | ||||||
| Non-drinker | 2230 (37.9) | 203 (9.1) | 912 (40.9) | 1022 (45.8) | 93 (37.8) | 0.12 |
| < 1 drink per week | 2008 (34.1) | 210 (10.5) | 820 (40.8) | 889 (44.3) | 89 (36.2) | |
| ≥ 1 drink per week | 1651 (28.0) | 176 (10.7) | 617 (37.4) | 794 (48.1) | 61 (26.0) | |
| Excellent or Very Good Self-Rated Health, n (%) | 2977 (50.8) | 338 (11.4) | 1216 (40.9) | 1321 (44.4) | 102 (3.4) | <0.001 |
| RAND SF-36 Physical Function Score, mean (SD) | 67.9 (26.0) | 78.9 (23.1) | 73.0 (25.0) | 62.5 (25.3) | 48.3 (25.3) | <0.001 |
| Depressive Symptoms Score, mean (SD) | 0.03 (0.11) | 0.04 (0.15) | 0.03 (0.12) | 0.02 (0.09) | 0.01 (0.07) | <0.001 |
| Self-Reported Physical Activity, MET-hrs/week, mean (SD) | 11.9 (14.0) | 15.0 (16.5) | 13.3 (14.8) | 10.4 (12.8) | 6.6 (8.9) | <0.001 |
| CHAMPS Expenditure, MET-hrs/week, mean (SD) | 29.1 (26.8) | 34.8 (32.2) | 31.7 (29.0) | 26.5 (23.4) | 18.9 (18.3) | <0.001 |
| CARDIA Scale, sedentary hours/week, mean (SD) | 56.4 (22.7) | 58.3 (25.3) | 57.8 (24.1) | 54.7 (20.6) | 54.7 (20.9) | <0.001 |
| Falls in past 12 months, n (%) | ||||||
| None | 4503 (69.4) | 493 (11.0) | 1870 (41.5) | 1974 (43.8) | 166 (3.7) | <0.001 |
| One time | 1258 (19.4) | 112 (8.9) | 484 (38.5) | 602 (47.9) | 60 (4.8) | |
| Two or more times | 728 (11.2) | 61 (8.4) | 246 (33.8) | 377 (51.8) | 44 (6.0) | |
| Falls Efficacy Score, mean (SD) | 10.7 (4.2) | 9.6 (3.8) | 10.1 (3.8) | 11.3 (4.3) | 13.3 (5.1) | <0.001 |
| Short Physical Performance Battery score, mean (SD) | 8.2 (2.5) | 9.2 (2.1) | 8.6 (2.3) | 7.7 (2.6) | 6.5 (2.9) | <0.001 |
| Systolic Blood Pressure, mean (SD) | 125.7 (14.3) | 122.6 (12.9) | 125.2 (13.8) | 126.6 (14.7) | 127.9 (16.4) | <0.001 |
| Diastolic Blood Pressure, mean (SD) | 72.5 (8.8) | 73.6 (8.1) | 73.3 (8.6) | 71.8 (9.0) | 71.0 (9.2) | <0.001 |
| Waist, inches, mean (SD) | 35.5 (5.5) | 36.1 (5.5) | 36.1 (5.7) | 35.0 (5.2) | 33.8 (5.1) | <0.001 |
| Weight, lbs, mean (SD) | 158.4 (34.4) | 171.8 (37.5) | 166.1 (35.9) | 150.6 (30.0) | 138.3 (25.9) | <0.001 |
| Body Mass Index, kg/m2, mean (SD) | 28.2 (5.8) | 29.9 (6.2) | 29.3 (6.1) | 27.1 (5.2) | 25.9 (4.8) | <0.001 |
| Body Mass Index Categories, n (%) | ||||||
| < 25 kg/m2 | 1944 (32.1) | 128 (6.6) | 627 (32.3) | 1065 (54.8) | 124 (6.4) | <0.001 |
| 25–<30 kg/m2 | 2199 (36.3) | 209 (9.5) | 868 (39.5) | 1032 (46.9) | 90 (4.1) | |
| ≥ 30 kg/m2 | 1917 (31.6) | 259 (13.5) | 938 (48.9) | 677 (35.3) | 43 (2.2) | |
| Medical History | ||||||
| Stroke | 459 (7.1) | 21 (4.6) | 134 (29.2) | 271 (59.0) | 33 (7.2) | <0.001 |
| Congestive Heart Failure | 133 (2.1) | 9 (6.8) | 41 (30.8) | 73 (54.9) | 10 (7.5) | 0.013 |
| Total CVD | 1327 (20.5) | 92 (6.9) | 472 (35.6) | 687 (51.8) | 76 (5.7) | <0.001 |
| Hip fracture | 188 (2.9) | 4 (2.1) | 24 (12.8) | 133 (70.7) | 27 (14.4) | <0.001 |
| Any clinical fracture | 2202 (33.9) | 150 (6.8) | 775 (35.2) | 1156 (52.5) | 121 (5.5) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes | 2078 (32.0) | 237 (11.4) | 933 (44.9) | 846 (40.7) | 62 (3.0) | <0.001 |
| Osteoarthritis | 4000 (61.6) | 404 (10.1) | 1599 (40.0) | 1817 (45.4) | 180 (4.5) | 0.36 |
| Invasive cancer | 992 (15.3) | 72 (7.3) | 391 (39.4) | 488 (49.2) | 41 (4.1) | 0.003 |
| Breast cancer | 480 (7.4) | 44 (9.2) | 216 (45.0) | 202 (42.1) | 18 (3.8) | 0.15 |
Abbreviations: CARDIA Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults, CHAMPS Community Health Activities Model Program for Seniors, CVD cardiovascular disease, MET Metabolic equivalents, OPACH Objective Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Health, SD Standard deviation