Table 2.
Prevalence and persistence of PTD use according to the presence of dementia at each assessment (%)
| Prevalence in percentages | ||||||||||
| A1 | A2 | A3 | A4 | A5 | ||||||
| All (n = 1163) |
D/nD (n = 932/227) |
All (n = 789) |
D/nD (n = 628/159) |
All (n = 395) |
D/nD (n = 300/94) |
All (n = 209) | D/nD (n = 160/48) |
All (n = 98) | D/nD (n = 75/22) |
|
| Antipsychotics (AP) | 24.1 | 26.0/15.9*** | 25.2 | 26.4/20.8 | 20.5 | 22.0/16.0 | 20.6 | 22.5/14.6 | 20.4 | 20.0/22.7 |
| Trad. AP | 11.3 | 11.5/11.0 | 12.2 | 11.6/14.5 | 9.4 | 9.0/10.6 | 8.6 | 9.4/6.3 | 12.2 | 12.0/13.6 |
| Atypical AP | 13.2 | 14.9/5.7*** | 13.8 | 15.6/6.9*** | 11.9 | 13.7/6.4** | 12.6 | 13.1/8.3 | 8.2 | 8.0/9.1 |
| Antidepressants | 38.3 | 39.1/34.8 | 37.3 | 37.9/34.0 | 36.7 | 35.3/40.4 | 35.4 | 33.1/41.7 | 32.7 | 29.3/40.9 |
| Anxiolytics | 24.2 | 23.8/26.4 | 24.2 | 22.9/29.6* | 25.1 | 21.3/37.2*** | 28.7 | 26.9/35.4 | 22.4 | 21.3/27.3 |
| Sedatives | 29.0 | 26.4/39.6*** | 26.6 | 23.4/38.4*** | 24.1 | 21.0/33.0* | 23.9 | 19.4/37.5** | 23.5 | 20.0/31.8 |
| Antidementia drug | 11.3 | 13.5/2.2*** | 9.8 | 11.8/1.9*** | 5.3 | 6.3/2.1* | 2.9 | 3.1/2.1 | 0 | 0/0 |
| Any PTD | 72.9 | 74.5/66.5* | 71.4 | 71.5/70.4 | 70.4 | 67.7/78.7* | 69.4 | 66.9/77.1 | 63.3 | 57.3/81.8** |
| Persistence at two consecutive time points in percentages | ||||||||||
| A1–A2 | A2–A3 | A3–A4 | A4–A5 | |||||||
| All | D/nD | All | D/nD | All | D/nD | All | D/nD | |||
| Antipsychotics (AP) | 76.7 | 75.2/88.9* | 64.9 | 67.6/55.0 | 69.6 | 67.5/83.3 | 70.0 | 68.8/75.0 | ||
| Trad. AP | 73.6 | 70.8/84.2 | 61.4 | 63.3/57.1 | 73.7 | 73.3/75.0 | 80.0 | 75.0/100 | ||
| Atypical AP | 74.5 | 74.7/80.0 | 61.5 | 63.0/50.0 | 62.1 | 59.3/100*** | 60.0 | 62.5/50.0 | ||
| Antidepressants | 80.4 | 79.8/82.8 | 76.5 | 73.1/87.9* | 72.2 | 66.1/89.5** | 75.7 | 76.9/70.0 | ||
| Anxiolytics | 76.9 | 73.6/89.5** | 69.2 | 62.7/84.4** | 86.8 | 82.1/100** | 66.7 | 66.7/66.7 | ||
| Sedatives | 70.9 | 65.8/82.8** | 64.8 | 69.1/55.6 | 69.6 | 64.9/77.8 | 68.0 | 58.8/85.7 | ||
| Antidementia drug | 66.0 | 65.3/100*** | 38.1 | 36.6/100*** | 27.3 | 27.3/0 | 0 | 0/0 | ||
| Any PTD | 89.8 | 88.7/94.3* | 85.3 | 82.4/94.2** | 89.3 | 86.6/97.3** | 78.4 | 75.5/85.0 | ||
A1–A5: Assessment 1–5
D Dementia CDR ≥ 1; nD No dementia CDR < 1
CDR ratings were missing for 4 people at A1, 2 people at A2 and 2 people at A3
CDR Clinical Dementia Rating scale
Trad Conventional
PTD Psychotropic drugs
*p < 0.05, **p ≤ 0.01; ***p ≤ 0.001 (Z-test for proportions used)