Height: without shoes, measured in metres using a Seca Leicester Portable stadiometer; Weight: without outer clothes and shoes, measured in kilograms using Seca 877 floor scales for mobile use (class III); Waist circumference: undertaken according to the World Health Organization’s data-gathering protocol;14 Hip circumference: undertaken according to the World Health Organization’s data-gathering protocol;14 Blood pressure: measured using a Welch Allyn® aneroid sphygmomanometer and stethoscope, in accordance with British Hypertension Society guidelines for blood pressure measurement;15 Pulse: by palpating the radial pulse and counting the number of pulses for a 1-minute period; Assessment for clinical signs of PAD: reduced or absent pulses in legs/feet, thickened nails, smooth shiny skin, hair loss to legs/feet, pallor or cyanosis to legs/feet, pallor on elevation of legs, legs/feet appearing flushed in a dependent position, reduced temperature to one or both legs/feet; ABI measurement: according to the American Heart Association scientific statement.16

ABI = ankle–brachial index. PAD = peripheral arterial disease.