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Gene expression of IL-1 pathway members (A) IRAK2, (B) IRAK3, (C) PELI1 and (D) IL1R1 are associated with exacerbation type.
Notes: Gene expression is highest in the OCS and hospital admission groups. Data is presented as medians (bar) and the upper quartile (Q3; error bar). * P<0.01 versus the non-frequent exacerbator group; ** P<0.001 versus the non-frequent exacerbator group.
Abbreviations: Ab, antibiotics; OCs, oral corticosteroids; GP, general practitioner.
