Table 2. Comparisons of peak forces and dimensionless force coefficients for the tag designs in 6 m/s aligned flow.

Adding the wing increases the drag coefficient (Cd) but decreases the lift coefficient (Cl). This results in a negative efficiency (E) indicating that the Model A design creates a net downforce.

Tag Design	Speed (m/s)	Aref (m2)	Drag (N)	Lift (N)	Net (N)	Cd	Cl	E
Model A	6	0.0024	10.13	-28.56	30.30	0.23	-0.65	-2.82
Model B	6	0.0028	3.28	38.53	38.67	0.06	0.74	11.74
Model C	6	0.0024	3.48	37.00	37.16	0.08	0.84	10.64
Model D	6	0.0028	10.93	-3.68	11.53	0.21	-0.07	-0.34