Figure 8. Enhanced mitochondrial Ca2+ efflux from astrocytes in ALS model (SOD1G93A) mice (See also Figure S8).
(A) Schematic showing the in vivo two photon imaging configuration in which mice were allowed to walk on a linear treadmill.
(B) Intensity versus time plots of microdomain activity in an astrocyte from a control mouse (top) and from a SOD1G93A mouse (bottom).
(C) Raster plots displaying Ca2+ transients in astrocyte microdomains from a control mouse (left) and from a SOD1G93A mouse (right).
(D, E) Graphs of the number of active microdomains per cell (D) and frequency of events per microdomain (E) in control and SOD1G93A mice. Data shown as mean ± SEM. N = 11 cells each from Control and SOD1G93A mice. * p < 0.01, ** p < 0.001 unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test.
(F) Images of single astrocytes in acute slices of motor cortex from a GLAST-mGC3 (top) and a SOD1G93A mouse (bottom) showing median intensity projection (pseudocolored) from 260 s after treatment with thapsigargin (Tpg, 1 μM, 60 minutes).
(G) Maps of all active microdomains (Control: 22; SOD1G93A: 39) that occurred in 286 s in astrocytes shown in (F).
(H) Intensity versus time plots of microdomain activity in a control (top) and in a SOD1G93A mouse (bottom) (colors correspond to locations shown in corresponding maps in G).
(I) Raster plots displaying microdomain Ca2+ transients imaged over a period of 260 s recorded in Tpg in a control (top) and in a SOD1G93A mouse (bottom).
(J) Graphs comparing the frequency (left) and mean amplitude (z-score, right) of microdomain Ca2+ transients in Tpg treated cortical slices from aged matched control and SOD1G93A mice. Data shown as mean ± SEM. N = 14 cells each from Control and SOD1G93A mice. * p < 0.03, unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test.
(K) Graphs comparing the frequency (left) and mean amplitude (z-score, right) of microdomain Ca2+ transients in SOD1G93A mice before (baseline) and after mPTP inhibition (mPTP-I, 30 min). Data shown as mean ± SEM. N = 10 cells each from Control and SOD1G93A mice. * p <0.02, ** p < 0.002, paired two-tailed Student’s t-test.