Table 2.
Baseline clinical characteristics of Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial participants stratified by race‐ethnicity and region
| Hispanics (n=984) | Non‐Hispanics (n=8377) | P Value for Hispanic difference overall | Hispanics living in Puerto Rico (n=549) | Hispanics living in US Mainland (n=435) | P Value for Island vs Mainland difference overall | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline BP | . | . | ||||
| SBP, mm Hg | 140.68±0.47 | 139.55±0.17 | .02397 | 142.97±0.6 | 137.78±0.72 | <.0001 |
| DBP, mm Hg | 77.46±0.36 | 78.21±0.13 | .0487 | 78.31±0.47 | 76.38±0.54 | .00737 |
| BP controlled | 485 (49.39) | 4212 (50.38) | .55812 | 241 (43.98) | 244 (56.22) | .00014 |
| Pulse | 65.77±0.34 | 66.31±0.13 | .13142 | 65.72±0.41 | 65.84±0.56 | .8654 |
| No. of BP medications | 1.75±0.03 | 1.84±0.01 | .00341 | 1.69±0.04 | 1.83±0.05 | .02136 |
| Not taking antihypertensive agents | 75 (7.62) | 807 (9.63) | .04102 | 37 (6.74) | 38 (8.74) | .24123 |
| Weight, lb | 177.89±1.14 | 192.04±0.46 | <.0001 | 177.95±1.55 | 177.83±1.69 | .95806 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 29.54±0.17 | 29.89±0.06 | .04994 | 29.75±0.23 | 29.27±0.23 | .1483 |
| Physical activity | 397 (40.47) | 3879 (46.56) | .0003 | 219 (39.96) | 178 (41.11) | .71674 |
| CVD history | 184 (18.7) | 1693 (20.21) | .2628 | 84 (15.3) | 100 (22.99) | .00213 |
| Smoking status | . | . | <.0001 | <.0001 | ||
| Current | 113 (11.52) | 1127 (13.49) | 60 (10.95) | 53 (12.24) | ||
| Past | 303 (30.89) | 3670 (43.93) | 135 (24.64) | 168 (38.8) | ||
| No. of chronic diseases | 2.2±0.05 | 2.73±0.02 | <.0001 | 2.03±0.06 | 2.43±0.08 | <.0001 |
| Baseline values | . | . | ||||
| Fasting glucose, mg/dL | 98.42±0.38 | 98.86±0.15 | .27988 | 98.3±0.46 | 98.57±0.63 | .7282 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 193.85±1.29 | 189.68±0.45 | .00269 | 198.2±1.7 | 188.33±1.94 | .00014 |
| LDL cholesterol, mg/dL | 114.55±1.11 | 112.14±0.39 | .04266 | 118.24±1.48 | 109.88±1.66 | .00019 |
| HDL cholesterol, mg/dL | 50.63±0.42 | 53.13±0.16 | <.0001 | 51.66±0.58 | 49.33±0.61 | .00596 |
| Triglycerides, mg/dL | 145.1±2.69 | 123.69±1 | <.0001 | 141.77±3.12 | 149.33±4.66 | .17718 |
| Potassium, mmol/L | 4.2±0.01 | 4.21±0 | .40844 | 4.17±0.02 | 4.23±0.02 | .01933 |
| Sodium, mmol/L | 140.29±0.07 | 140.12±0.03 | .02758 | 140.51±0.09 | 140±0.11 | .00049 |
| eGFR, mL/min/1.732 | 77.59±0.71 | 71.07±0.22 | <.0001 | 81.59±0.86 | 72.47±1.15 | <.0001 |
| Creatinine, mg/dL | 0.96±0.01 | 1.09±0 | <.0001 | 0.88±0.01 | 1.06±0.02 | <.0001 |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CVD, cardiovascular disease; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HDL, high‐density lipoprotein; LDL, low‐density lipoprotein. Values are expressed as number (percentage) or mean±standard error.
aPhysical activity was defined as participants with two or more times of vigorous activity per week or 30 or more minutes of less vigorous activity per week.
bControlled blood pressure (BP) is defined as systolic BP (SBP) <140 mm Hg and diastolic BP (DBP) <90 mm Hg.