Table 1.
Participant demographics, peak exercise testing, and echocardiography
| Control (n = 16) | BTHS (n = 14) | P ‐value | Control (n = 7) | BTHS (n = 6) | P ‐value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 12 ± 3 | 13 ± 3 | 0.36 | 23 ± 5 | 27 ± 4 | 0.10 |
| Height (cm) | 154.5 ± 17.7 | 143.8 ± 14.2 | 0.08 | 175.7 ± 4.7 | 178.4 ± 6.7 | 0.39 |
| Weight (kg) | 47.3 ± 18.6 | 34.9 ± 12.4 | 0.04 | 84.5 ± 14.4 | 68.0 ± 12.6 | 0.02 |
| FFM (kg) | 38.9 ± 15.3 | 24.3 ± 6.7 | 0.003 | 65.7 ± 8.4 | 42.2 ± 7.2 | <0.001 |
| FFM (%) | 83 ± 7 | 68 ± 13 | <0.001 | 79 ± 8 | 64 ± 11 | 0.01 |
| FM (kg) | 8.0 ± 5.7 | 12.8 ± 10.2 | 0.12 | 18.5 ± 9.3 | 25.3 ± 9.8 | 0.17 |
| FM (%) | 17 ± 7 | 32 ± 13 | <0.001 | 21 ± 8 | 36 ± 11 | 0.01 |
| Resting HR (bpm) | 83 ± 7 | 85 ± 11 | 0.58 | 75 ± 19 | 74 ± 16 | 0.43 |
| Resting SBP (mmHg) | 106 ± 12 | 101 ± 12 | 0.28 | 137 ± 6 | 104 ± 9 | <0.001 |
| Resting DBP (mmHg) | 65 ± 10 | 67 ± 9 | 0.58 | 84 ± 9 | 65 ± 10 | 0.17 |
| Exercise variables | ||||||
| VO2peak (mL/kg/min) | 36.1 ± 7.7 | 13.7 ± 3.2 | <0.001 | 35.7 ± 5.9 | 12.3 ± 3.5 | <0.001 |
| Peak watts | 143 ± 70 | 39 ± 10 | <0.001 | 239 ± 51 | 61 ± 11 | <0.001 |
| Peak RER | 1.1 ± 0.1 | 1.3 ± 0.2 | 0.002 | 1.2 ± 0.1 | 1.5 ± 0.2 | <0.001 |
| Peak HR | 184 ± 11 | 158 ± 22 | <0.001 | 186 ± 15 | 159 ± 11 | 0.001 |
| Peak SBP (mmHg) | 144 ± 19 | 116 ± 16 | <0.001 | 202 ± 24 | 137 ± 16 | <0.001 |
| Peak DBP (mmHg) | 70 ± 11 | 74 ± 16 | 0.47 | 88 ± 11 | 84 ± 11 | 0.70 |
| Echocardiography | ||||||
| LVM (g) | 94.6 ± 30.1 | 74.6 ± 28.6 | 0.13 | 149.7 ± 37.8 | 127.2 ± 25.6 | 0.29 |
| Ejection fraction (%) | 67 ± 4 | 63 ± 5 | 0.02 | 64 ± 5 | 57 ± 15 | 0.18 |
| Fractional shortening (%) | 40 ± 6 | 34 ± 11 | 0.08 | 36 ± 6 | 30 ± 8 | 0.05 |
| Global strain (%) | −21 ± 3 | −20 ± 2 | 0.25 | −18 ± 2 | −15 ± 3 | 0.05 |
Values are means ± SD.
FFM, fat‐free mass; FM, fat mass; VO2peak, volume of oxygen consumption during peak; LVM, left ventricular mass.