FIG 7.

Regardless of the dose delivered, Ad5 vectors do not raise effective Th1 responses compared to those induced with LCMV infection. SMARTA chimeric mice were generated and immunized with 10⁸, 10⁹, or 10¹⁰ vp of Ad5 vector or infected with LCMV Armstrong. SMARTA CD4 T cells were analyzed in the spleen at day 8 postimmunization or infection. (A) The total number of SMARTA CD4 T cells. (B) The frequency of Th1 cells (CXCR5⁻ SMARTA CD4 T cells expressing granzyme B [GzmB], Tim3, SLAM, T-bet, and Ly6C or SMARTA CD4 T cells producing IFN-γ after ex vivo stimulation with GP_61-80 peptide). (C) The frequency of CXCR5⁺ Tfh cells. Data are representative of 2 independent experiments with 4 mice per group per experiment. Error bars indicate standard errors of the means. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001; ****, P < 0.0001.