Table 2.
Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics
| Intervention (N = 122) |
Control (N = 179) |
P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline characteristics | |||
| Female | 78/122 (63.9%) | 120/179 (67.0%) | 0.66 |
| Age | 0.99 | ||
| 60–79 | 49 (40.2%) | 70 (39.3%) | |
| 80–89 | 56 (45.9%) | 82 (46.1%) | |
| 90–100 | 17 (13.9%) | 26 (14.6%) | |
| Mean (sd) | 81.8 (8.2) | 81.9 (8.2) | 0.85 |
| Live alone | 32/121 (26.4%) | 57/173 (32.9%) | 0.29 |
| ADL (0–6), mean (sd) | 1.2 (1.6) | 1.1 (1.4) | 0.52 |
| IADL (0–8), mean (sd) | 5.7 (1.8) | 5.4 (2.0) | 0.23 |
| Perceived health as poor | 52/104 (50.0%) | 65/161 (40.4%) | 0.16 |
| Psychotropic medications | 76/112 (67.9%) | 93/137 (67.9%) | 0.90 |
| Analgesics (opioid + non opioid) | 67/115 (58.3%) | 79/143 (55.2%) | 0.72 |
| BMI <21 | 25/107 (23.4%) | 29/135 (21.5%) | 0.85 |
| Alarms (RAI-HC instrument) | |||
| Number of alarms (range 1–4) | 2.1 (0.9) | 2.1 (0.9) | 0.59 |
| Cognition | 61/122 (50.0%) | 88/179 (49.2%) | 0.98 |
| Falls | 89/122 (73.0%) | 132/179 (73.7%) | 0.98 |
| Social isolation | 65/122 (53.3%) | 87/179 (48.6%) | 0.50 |
| Frailty of informal caregiver | 46/122 (37.7%) | 66/179 (36.9%) | 0.98 |
| CA SCORE | |||
| 1–5 (mild-moderate frailty) | 92/122 (75.4%) | 135/179 (75.4%) | 0.89 |
| 6–9 (severe frailty) | 30/122 (24.6%) | 44/179 (24.6%) | |
| Diagnoses | |||
| Cardiac disease | 51/113 (45.1%) | 54/159 (34.0%) | 0.08 |
| Degenerative joint disease | 59/113 (52.2%) | 97/160 (60.6%) | 0.21 |
| Diabetes | 28/109 (25.7%) | 34/153 (22.2%) | 0.61 |
| Obstructive pulmonary disease | 27/110 (24.5%) | 27/156 (17.3%) | 0.20 |
| Cancer | 26/112 (23.2%) | 39/155 (25.2%) | 0.82 |
| Depression | 46/108 (42.6%) | 55/158 (34.8%) | 0.25 |
| Dementia | 30/110 (27.3%) | 39/156 (25.0%) | 0.78 |
| Stroke | 19/105 (18.1%) | 28/153 (18.3%) | 0.90 |
| Chronic renal failure | 19/108 (17.6%) | 16/152 (10.5%) | 0.14 |
| Urinary incontinence | 47/121 (38.8%) | 57/176 (32.4%) | 0.31 |
| Chronic pain | 55/87 (63.2%) | 75/111 (67.6%) | 0.62 |
| Visual impairment | 52/110 (47.3%) | 63/157 (40.1%) | 0.30 |
Results are reported by counts and percentages or by means and standard deviation (sd)
Abbreviations: ADL activities of daily living (score reported is number of deficient activities), IADL instrumental activities of daily living (score reported is number of deficient activities), RAI-HC Resident Assessment Instrument-Home Care, CA Contact assessment score