Table 1.
Group characteristics
| AIS (N = 23) | PVI (N = 20) | Controls (N = 106) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 12.7 ± 3.7 | 11.6 ± 3.7 | 12.3 ± 3.9 |
| Sex | 10 F, 13 M | 8 F, 12 M | 51 F, 55 M |
| Affected Arm | 14 R, 9 L | 10 R, 10 L | -- |
| Handedness | 11 R, 12 L | 11 R, 9 L | 95R, 11 L |
| TLT [0,1,2,3] | [12, 10, 0, 1] | [15, 5, 0, 0] | [105, 1, 0, 0] |
| Position Sense [0,1] | |||
| Thumb | [11, 11]a | [2, 18] | [106, 0] |
| Wrist | [8, 14]a | [1, 19] | [106, 0] |
| Stereognosis [0,0.5,1] | |||
| Nickel | [16, 3, 4] | [3, 11, 6] | [3, 32, 71] |
| Key | [18, 0, 5] | [3, 3, 13]a | [6, 1, 99] |
| Paperclip | [18, 0, 5] | [6, 0, 14] | [3, 1, 102] |
| Graphesthesia [0,1] | |||
| 7 | [15, 8] | [4, 16] | [10, 96] |
| 5 | [14, 9] | [5, 15] | [2, 104] |
| 3 | [17, 6] | [9, 11] | [10, 96] |
| CMSA [1,2,3,4,5,6,7] | |||
| Non-dominant Arm | [0, 0, 12, 2, 3, 3, 3] | [0, 0, 3, 1, 3, 5, 8] | -- |
| Dominant Arm | [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 19] | [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 18] | -- |
| Logit AHA [0–100] | 61.3 ± 19.9 (32–100)b | 75.2 ± 16.0 (55–100)c | -- |
| MA [0–100] | 69.1 ± 21.3 (31–100)b | 89.4 ± 10.7 (75–100)c | -- |
| PSOM motor [0,0.5,1,1.5,2] | [0, 1, 6, 0, 16] | [0, 4, 10, 0, 6] | -- |
| MACS [1–5] | [4, 16, 0, 0, 0]b | [8, 5, 0, 0, 0]c | -- |
| PPB | |||
| Non-dominant Arm | 1.48 ± 3.1 (0–11) | 5.65 ± 3.8 (0–11) | 13.5 ± 2.2 (8–19) |
| Dominant Arm | 12.6 ± 2.0 (10–16) | 13.3 ± 1.8 (10–16) | 14.7 ± 2.3 (8–21) |
| BIT [0–146] | 128 ± 24.0 (56–145)a | 139 ± 4.4 (130–146)a | -- |
Participant age is indicated as a mean ± standard deviation. Results from Thumb Localization Test (TLT), Stereognosis, Graphesthesia, Position Sense, and the Chedoke-McMaster Stroke Assessment (CMSA), Pediatric Stroke Outcome Measure (PSOM), and Manual Abilities Classification System (MACS) are shown as the number of subjects who obtained a given score (square brackets). Assisting Hand Assessment (AHA), Melbourne Assessment (MA), Purdue Pegboard (PPB), and Behavioural Inattention Test (BIT) scores are shown as a mean ± standard deviation, with a range of scores shown in brackets. Abbreviations: AIS arterial ischemic stroke, PVI periventricular venous infarction, F female, M male, L left, R right.a Data missing from one participant;b data missing from 3 AIS participants;c data missing from 7 PVI participants