Table 4.
Univariate Cox hazard analyses of factors associated with overall survival after the first-, second-, and third-line chemotherapies
| Factors | First-line chemotherapy
|
Second-line chemotherapy
|
Third-line chemotherapy
|
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR | 95% CI | P-value | HR | 95% CI | P-value | HR | 95% CI | P-value | |
| Age (years) | |||||||||
| <75 vs ≥75 | 1.20 | 0.76–1.89 | 0.43 | 0.74 | 0.41–1.34 | 0.32 | 1.38 | 0.53–3.59 | 0.51 |
| Sex | |||||||||
| Male vs female | 0.81 | 0.46–1.42 | 0.46 | 1.01 | 0.48–2.16 | 0.97 | 1.19 | 0.45–3.17 | 0.73 |
| ECOG PS | |||||||||
| 0–1 vs 2–4 | 2.72 | 1.73–4.29 | <0.01 | 1.26 | 0.73–2.16 | 0.41 | 2.09 | 0.94–4.67 | 0.07 |
| Stage | |||||||||
| I–III vs IV | 1.96 | 1.25–3.08 | <0.01 | 1.24 | 0.53–2.89 | 0.62 | 5.08 | 0.67–38.4 | 0.12 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | |||||||||
| ≥18.5 vs <18.5 | 1.30 | 0.77–2.22 | 0.33 | 0.90 | 0.42–1.92 | 0.78 | 2.71 | 0.77–9.53 | 0.12 |
| NLR | |||||||||
| <5 vs ≥5 | 1.54 | 0.90–2.67 | 0.12 | 1.60 | 0.84–3.04 | 0.15 | 0.72 | 0.21–2.40 | 0.59 |
| PLR | |||||||||
| <150 vs ≥150 | 2.03 | 1.31–3.13 | <0.01 | 1.76 | 1.02–3.04 | 0.04 | 1.49 | 0.68–3.26 | 0.32 |
| LMR | |||||||||
| ≥4 vs <4 | 1.67 | 1.07–2.59 | 0.02 | 1.30 | 0.72–2.31 | 0.38 | 1.56 | 0.53–4.56 | 0.42 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | |||||||||
| ≥11 vs <11 | 2.03 | 1.12–3.69 | 0.02 | 1.54 | 0.90–2.64 | 0.12 | 1.69 | 0.76–3.76 | 0.20 |
| Serum sodium (mEq/L) | |||||||||
| ≥135 vs <135 | 1.92 | 1.11–3.32 | 0.02 | 2.30 | 1.09–4.85 | 0.03 | 2.86 | 0.64–12.7 | 0.17 |
| LDH (IU/L) | |||||||||
| <225 vs ≥225 | 1.73 | 1.10–2.73 | 0.02 | 1.97 | 1.15–3.41 | 0.01 | 1.73 | 0.79–3.79 | 0.17 |
| ALP (IU/L) | |||||||||
| ≤340 vs >340 | 1.48 | 0.89–2.47 | 0.13 | 1.37 | 0.64–2.89 | 0.42 | 1.06 | 0.42–2.65 | 0.91 |
| CRP (mg/dL) | |||||||||
| <1 vs ≥1 | 1.67 | 1.09–2.55 | 0.02 | 3.23 | 1.77–5.92 | <0.01 | 1.40 | 0.65–3.01 | 0.39 |
| PFS after first-line chemotherapy (months) | |||||||||
| ≥6 vs <6 | – | – | – | 2.85 | 1.58–5.12 | <0.01 | 1.54 | 0.71–3.34 | 0.28 |
| PFS after second-line chemotherapy (months) | |||||||||
| ≥3 vs <3 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1.72 | 0.79–3.78 | 0.18 |
Note: Coded as 1 (age ≥75 years, female, ECOG PS 2–4, stage IV, BMI <18.5 kg/m2, NLR ≥5, PLR ≥150, LMR <4, hemoglobin <11 g/dL, serum sodium <135 mEq/L, LDH ≥225 IU/L, ALP >340 IU/L, CRP ≥1 mg/dL, PFS after the first-line chemotherapy <6 months, and PFS after the second-line chemotherapy <3 months) and as 0 (age <75 years, male, ECOG PS 0–1, stages I–III, BMI ≥18.5 kg/m2; NLR <5, PLR <150, LMR ≥4, hemoglobin ≥11 g/dL, serum sodium ≥135 mEq/L, LDH <225 IU/L, ALP ≤340 IU/L, CRP <1 mg/dL, PFS after the first-line chemotherapy ≥6 months, and PFS after the second-line chemotherapy ≥3 months).
Abbreviations: ALP, alkaline phosphatase; BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; CRP, C-reactive protein; ECOG, European Clinical Oncology Group; HR, hazard ratio; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; LMR, lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio; NLR, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; PFS, progression-free survival; PLR, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio; PS, performance status.