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Conceptualization of tip endothelial cells. (a) Tumour angiogenic factor (TAF) activates tip endothelial cells (TECs) that extend filopodia to survey their environment. (b) In the model, discrete circular agents are activated and migrate following TAF gradients. Each agent evaluates conditions at filopodia check points. A positive check (c > −0.9) alters the (otherwise chemotactic) migration direction.
