Table 4. Baseline clinical characteristics of HFpEF patients, stratified by tricuspid regurgitation severity.
| All patients (n = 175) | Non-significant TR (48.8%) | Significant TR (51.2%) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline Characteristics | ||||
| Age (years) | 71.0±8.7 | 69.5±9.2 | 72.5±7.8 | 0.026 |
| Female (%) | 69.2 | 70.2 | 68.2 | 0.770 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 30.9±7.0 | 31.4±6.6 | 29.8±6.3 | 0.172 |
| Atrial Fibrillation (%) | 60.6 | 41.5 | 78.4 | <0.001 |
| Diabetes (%) | 38.6 | 38.6 | 38.6 | 0.991 |
| Arterial Hypertension (%) | 97.7 | 97.6 | 97.7 | 0.953 |
| CAD (%) | 20.5 | 24.1 | 17.0 | 0.253 |
| COPD, mild (%) | 37.8 | 41.2 | 34.7 | 0.423 |
| History of smoking* (%) | 34.3 | 36.1 | 32.6 | 0.623 |
| Pacemaker (%) | 10.5 | 9.6 | 11.4 | 0.713 |
| NYHA (%) | 0.028 | |||
| NYHA II | 30.7 | 38.8 | 22.9 | |
| NYHA III-IV | 69.3 | 61.3 | 77.2 | |
| 6-MWD (m) | 319.9±123.0 | 341.6±114.1 | 300.0±128.4 | 0.036 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 137.4±21.0 | 141.9±20.5 | 133.7±20.7 | 0.012 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 78.2±12.9 | 79.5±12.0 | 77.4±13.6 | 0.249 |
| Heart rate (bpm) | 72.3±14.8 | 71.1±14.7 | 73.0±14.5 | 0.348 |
| NT-proBNP (pg/ml) | 1876.6±2916.5 | 1290.8±1901.1 | 2405.3±3545.1 | <0.001 |
| GFR (ml/1.73m2) | 59.1±20.0 | 64.0±21.1 | 54.7±18.1 | 0.008 |
| Beta-blocker (%) | 73.3 | 71.0 | 75.0 | 0.586 |
| Calcium channel blocker (%) | 27.4 | 37.1 | 20.2 | 0.024 |
| ARB (%) | 35.6 | 43.5 | 29.8 | 0.086 |
| ACE-I (%) | 32.9 | 27.4 | 36.9 | 0.228 |
| Diuretics (%) | 76.0 | 67.7 | 82.1 | 0.044 |
TR indicates tricuspid regurgitation; BMI, body mass index; CAD, coronary artery disease; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; NYHA, New York Heart Association functional class; 6-MWD, six-minute walk distance; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; GFR, glomerular filtration rate; ARB, angiotensin II receptor blocker; ACE-I, angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor.
* Only two patients were current smokers.