Table 1.

Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with scleritis from Ocular Autoimmune Systemic Inflammatory Infectious Study (OASIS) database

Characteristics	No. of patients, n (%)
Mean age ± SD (years)	48.6 ± 15.9
Range	16–83
Gender
Male	52 (43.3%)
Female	68 (56.7%)
Bilaterality	37 (30.8%)
Race
Chinese	83 (69.2%)
Indian	15 (11.7%)
Malay	14 (11.7%)
Others	8 (6.7%)
Ocular complications (any)	64 (53.3%)
Anterior segment
Anterior uveitis	51 (42.5%)
Corneal involvement (ulceration, keratitis)	14 (11.7%)
Ocular hypertension	15 (12.5%)
Posterior segment
Cystoid macular edema	3 (2.5%)
Exudative retinal detachment	5 (4.2%)
Optic disc swelling	3 (2.5%)
Systemic associations
Autoimmune	31 (25.8%)
Rheumatoid arthritis	9 (7.5%)
Granulomatosis with polyangitis	5 (4.2%)
Relapsing polychondritis	4 (3.3%)
Sjogren’s syndrome	4 (3.3%)
Psoriatic arthropathy	2 (1.7%)
Systemic lupus erythematosus	1 (0.8%)
Behcet’s disease	1 (0.8%)
Churg-Strauss syndrome	1 (0.8%)
Ulcerative colitis	1 (0.8%)
Takayasu’s arteritis	1 (0.8%)
Non-specific autoimmune disease	1 (0.8%)
Orbital inflammatory syndrome	1 (0.8%)
Other non-autoimmune systemic:	2 (1.7%)
Myelodysplastic syndrome	1 (0.8%)
Polyclonal gammopathy	1 (0.8%)
Presumed infectious association	10 (8.3%)
TB T-spot positive	5 (4.2%)
Herpes zoster ophthalmicus	2 (1.7%)
Herpes simplex viral keratitis	1 (0.8%)
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome	1 (0.8%)
Hansen’s disease	1 (0.8%)
Recurrence	20 (16.7%)
Treatment
Topical steroids	114 (95.0%)
Oral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs	63 (47.3%)
Oral corticosteroids	64 (53.3%)
Systemic immunosuppressant (any)	32 (26.7%)
Azathioprine	16 (13.3%)
Methotrexate	11 (9.2%)
Mycophenolate mofetil	6 (5.0%)
Sulphasalazine	6 (5.0%)
Cyclosporine	4 (3.3%)
Cyclophosphamide	4 (3.3%)
Tumor necrosis factor-α antagonist (infliximab)	2 (1.7%)