Figure 1.

Classification of encephalitis groups analyzed in the present study. Underlying autoantibodies show different patterns of brain binding using immunofluorescence testing. (A) Patients with NMDAR encephalitis and high-level autoantibodies against the NR1 subunit of the NMDAR. (B) Patients with non-NMDAR antibodies targeting neuronal surfaces, such as antibodies against the metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5). (C) Patients with antibodies targeting intracellular epitopes, such as anti-Hu antibodies.