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. 2017 Feb 16;8:169. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00169

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Penetration of skin by nanomaterials. After topical application to healthy skin, nanomaterials may penetrate to the stratum corneum or epidermis. However, after application to allergic or damaged skin, nanomaterials may penetrate to the epidermis and dermis.