Figure 1.

(A) First-person view screenshots from two of the intersections along the route. In the passive wait condition, participants simply waited while stopped at an intersection. In the active wait condition, participants held down the space bar for the duration of the wait. (B) Map of the entire route illustrating how the degree of temporal and ordinal separation was calculated. Temporal separation was the difference between durations of each pair of intersections compared, and ordinal separation was the difference in the sequential positions between each pair of intersections. (C–F) Memory tasks in the order performed by the participants. (C) Recognition memory: participants were prompted to respond whether each item was new, reexperienced, or familiar. (D) Temporal and ordinal discrimination: each intersection was paired with every other intersection and participants indicated at which they waited longer (duration discrimination), or which was closer to the end of the route (ordinal discrimination). (E) Duration and sequence order: participants ordered images of all the intersections according to their duration (i.e., shortest to longest) and sequential position along the route. (F) Time estimation: participants typed the number of seconds they believed they had spent waiting at each of the intersections.