Table 4.

Effect of aqueous and methanol extracts of Piptadeniastrum africanum on serum parameters in CFA-induced arthritis in rats

	Dose (mg/kg)	CRP (mg/l)	RF (IU/ml)	ALP (U/l)	ALT (U/l)	AST (U/l)	Total protein (g/dl)
Healthy control	-	1.69 ± 0.01	-	71.67 ± 2.73	44.73 ± 2.60	41.33 ± 1.86	6.69 ± 0.58
Arthritic control	-	6.92 ± 0.24γ	58.00 ± 1.53	471.00 ± 13.23	186.53 ± 11.93γ	132.67 ± 4.10γ	4.83 ± 0.12β
Indomethacin	5	3.84 ± 0.30γc	40.33 ± 1.86c	204.33 ± 46.04βc	123.29 ± 4.41γc	101.67 ± 1.76γc	5.85 ± 0.45α
Aqueous extract	200	6.11 ± 0.32γ	51.67 ± 1.76	416.33 ± 14.33γ	153.76 ± 8.69γa	125.09 ± 2.65γ	5.01 ± 0.07
	400	3.98 ± 0.05γc	40.00 ± 1.54c	340.07 ± 26.15γb	121.67 ± 2.03γc	113.77 ± 7.88γa	5.38 ± 0.25
Methanol extract	200	4.29 ± 0.19γc	40.33 ± 0.88c	214.13 ± 4.67γc	119.19 ± 1.45γc	93.33 ± 3.48γc	5.53 ± 0.10
	400	3.04 ± 0.04βc	31.00 ± 1.16c	131.60 ± 5.24c	82.21 ± 6.66αc	74.56 ± 5.78γc	6.40 ± 0.26a

CFA complete Freund’s adjuvant, CRP C-reactive protein, RF rheumatoid factor, ALP alkaline phosphatase, AST aminotransferase, ALT alanine aminotransferase. Each value represents the mean ± ESM for six animals and analyses by two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey post-hoc test, ^α P < 0.05, ^β P < 0.01, ^γ P < 0.001 when compared to healthy control, ^a P < 0.05, ^b P < 0.01, ^c P < 0.001 when compared to arthritic control