Table 5. Elemental concentrations (micro-PIXE, μg g−1 dry weight) in the morphological structures of the stems of Phyllanthus balgooyi, Phyllanthus securinegioides and Rinorea bengalensis.
| Ni | Si | P | S | Cl | K | Ca | Mn | Fe | Co | Cu | Zn | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phyllanthus balgooyi | ||||||||||||
| Whole area | 6860 (80) | <45 | 315 (16) | 1510 (50) | 2970 (60) | 5280 (50) | 1920 (23) | 115 (3) | 13 (1) | 22 (3) | 22 (4) | 56 (2) |
| Outer periderm | 2010 (30) | 170 (55) | 310 (23) | 940 (40) | 970 (20) | 3740 (30) | 4100 (26) | 331 (3) | 28 (1) | 12 (2) | 17 (2) | 47 (3) |
| Inner periderm | 4150 (60) | 280 (60) | 260 (26) | 860 (25) | 6500 (90) | 14680 (120) | 2040 (50) | 119 (4) | <3 | 27 (3) | 22 (4) | 66 (4) |
| Cortex | 12800 (170) | <125 | 260 (15) | 910 (40) | 5700 (100) | 7570 (80) | 1400 (20) | 101 (5) | 14 (3) | 40 (6) | 34 (8) | 106 (4) |
| Phloem | 86300 (400) | n.d. | <300 | 1060 (50) | 4200 (90) | 6930 (50) | 2680 (24) | 202 (11) | 43 (12) | 265 (26) | <200 | 405 (27) |
| Xylem | 1450 (22) | 260 (40) | 350 (40) | 760 (40) | 680 (16) | 2350 (24) | 760 (9) | 31.2 (0.9) | 7 (1) | 3 (1) | 11 (1) | 12 (1) |
| Pith | 840 (19) | <93 | 370 (30) | 3000 (80) | 3710 (30) | 4570 (60) | 1330 (22) | 40 (1) | 1.8 (0.8) | 2 (1) | 10 (1) | 13 (1) |
|
Phyllanthus securinegioides | ||||||||||||
| Whole area | 1040 (12) | 1840 (200) | 365 (20) | 830 (50) | 730 (11) | 8550 (100) | 6660 (70) | 48 (3) | 335 (8) | 5 (3) | <2 | 14.1 (0.7) |
| Epidermis | 700 (24) | 42600 (1800) | 130 (60) | 640 (20) | 160 (12) | 2360 (60) | 2080 (40) | 460 (26) | 10910 (180) | 47 (20) | <12 | 26 (6) |
| Cortex | 960 (20) | 1060 (200) | 270 (40) | 770 (50) | 2560 (40) | 6630 (30) | 2130 (30) | 109 (6) | 1460 (23) | 18 (5) | <9 | 24 (6) |
| Secondary phloem | 4150 (60) | 1090 (220) | 90 (70) | 2340 (140) | 2280 (50) | 14540 (210) | 35100 (320) | 67(4) | 15 (4) | <9 | <8 | 25 (3) |
| Vascular cambium | 530 (23) | 920 (140) | 1460 (100) | 1420 (70) | 825 (40) | 28800 (100) | 2390 (60) | 39 (3) | 11 (3) | <9 | 8 (3) | 37 (3) |
| Older xylem | 140 (5) | 750 (100) | 440 (60) | 336 (18) | 106 (10) | 5240 (20) | 500 (10) | 10.6 (0.9) | 11 (0.8) | <1.1 | 3.3 (0.9) | 7.8 (0.9) |
| Younger xylem | 500 (12) | 800 (120) | 300 (50) | 325 (30) | 49 (7) | 3760 (14) | 530 (14) | 14.1 (0.9) | 21 (1) | <1.2 | 3.2 (0.9) | 5 (1) |
| Compressed pith | 2830 (80) | 830 (210) | 370 (110) | 770 (50) | 58 (26) | 8810 (80) | 4050 (50) | 62 (8) | <9 | <11 | <18 | 48 (11) |
|
Rinorea bengalensis | ||||||||||||
| Whole area | 1780 (11) | 1680 (300) | 1550 (170) | 760 (40) | 120 (20) | 11150 (180) | 5720 (90) | 15 (1) | 170 (7) | 4 (4) | 7 (2) | 40 (2) |
| Epidermis/phellem | 1430 (70) | 3530 (330) | 300 (40) | 640 (40) | 76 (12) | 5030 (160) | 12180 (120) | 122 (9) | 2340 (100) | 14 (11) | <8. | 21 (4) |
| Cortex | 3070 (40) | 1960 (380) | 370 (80) | 1180 (80) | 165 (25) | 22420 (190) | 4980 (80) | 12 (1) | 19 (2) | <9 | 6 (3) | 69 (2) |
| Meristematic cortical cells | 6540 (80) | 1420 (230) | 290 (50) | 1220 (50) | 160 (25) | 22530 (180) | 5550 (70) | 9 (3) | <11 | <15 | <27 | 76 (10) |
| Phloem | 6430 (40) | 1400 (340) | 1600 (200) | 1230 (60) | 330 (18) | 11550 (230) | 8300 (120) | 10 (3) | 38 (5) | <9 | <17 | 70 (9) |
| Xylem | 367 (15) | 1130 (230) | 2000 (190) | 650 (30) | 150 (16) | 4440 (60) | 690 (16) | 4.4 (0.5) | 8.8 (0.7) | <1 | 18 (1) | 10.4 (1) |
| Pith | 2820 (40) | 1810 (400) | 4210 (420) | 810 (40) | 126 (19) | 17500 (220) | 6230 (80) | 14 (1) | 8 (1) | <4 | 21 (3) | 62 (3) |
The results were obtained from PIXE spectra extracted from regions representing different morphological structures, and analysed using GeoPIXE software. Errors of analysis (±1 σ uncertainty) are shown in brackets.