FIG 18.
Protoporphyrin-dependent pathway to protoheme IX synthesis. An overview of the three-step reaction and intermediates from coproporphyrinogen to protoheme, along with the enzymes responsible for the reaction, is shown. Coproporphyrinogen III is oxidatively decarboxylated at two propionate groups to yield protoporphyrinogen IX. This intermediate is oxidized to protoporphyrin, which is converted into heme upon iron insertion.