. 2012 Jun 11;3:21–29. doi: 10.2147/LCTT.S23424

Table 1.

Summary of relevant studies in the field of biomarkers for lung cancer detection

Reference	Sample type	Biomarker type	Detection method	Number of cases	Sensitivity/specificity (%)
Halling et al¹⁵	Bronquial brushing	Cytology and chromosomal abnormailities	Combined cytology and FISH	Patients = 89	75/83
	Bronquial washing	Cytology and chromosomal abnormailities	Combined cytology and FISH	Controls = 48^a	61/95
Spira et al²⁰	Bronquial brushing	Gene expression	Microarrays	Primary dataset
				Patients = 60	80/84
				Controls = 69^a
				Validation dataset
				Patients = 18	83/76
				Controls = 17^a
Sozzi et al²⁴	Blood	DNA	PCR	Patients = 100	90/86^b
				Controls = 100
Tanaka et al³⁸	Blood	CTC	CTC count	Patients = 125	30.4/88.0^c
				Controls = 25^a
Patz et al⁷⁹	Serum	Proteins	ELISA	Primary dataset
				Patients = 50	89.3/84.7
				Controls = 50
				Validation dataset
				Patients = 49	77.8/75.4
				Controls = 48
Miura et al⁶⁶	Serum	Gene expression	RT-PCR	Patients = 112	89/72^d
				Controls = 80	71/80^e
Zheng et al³³	Plasma	microRNas	RT-PCR	Patients = 74	81.33/86.76
				Controls = 68
Jantus-Lewintre et al⁸³	Plasma	Proteins	ELISA	Patients = 432	74.5/85.7
Jantus-Lewintre et al⁸³				Control = 89
Showe et al³⁶	PBMC	Gene expression	Arrays	Primary dataset
				Patients = 137	91/80
				Controls = 91^a
				Validation dataset
				Patients = 38	76/82
				Controls = 17^a
Yu et al⁵³	Sputum	microRNas	RT-PCR	Primary dataset
				Patients = 36	80.6/91.7
				Controls = 36
				Validation dataset
				Patients = 64	70.3/80
				Controls = 58
Xie et al⁵²	Sputum	microRNas	RT-PCR	Patients = 23	69.7/100
				Controls = 17^a

Notes:

Control group consisted of patients without lung cancer;

Highest value obtained with a DNA concentration value of 9 ng/mL;

Cut-off CTC count ≥ 1;

Obtained with hTERT;

Obtained with EGFR.

Abbreviations: CTC, circulating tumor cell; EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor; ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; FISH, fluorescence in situ hybridization; hTERT, human telomerase reverse transcriptase gene; PBMC, peripheral blood mononuclear cells; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; RT-PCR, real-time polymerase chain reaction.