Table 2.

Properties of CNTs-reinforced ceramics.

Reference	Matrix	CNT contents	Relative density (%)	Hardness (GPa)	Flexural strength (MPa)	Fracture toughness (MPa. m1/2)
[10]	Si3N4	0	99.2	15.7	1046	4.8
		1 wt%MWCNTs	98.7	15.0	996	6.6
[12]	Al2O3	0	95.6	17.3	500	4.4
		0.5 wt% MWCNTs	99.2	16.8	685	5.9
		1 wt% MWCNTs	98.9	15.9	650	5.7
[15]	Al2O3	0	-	-	-	3.3
		3 wt% SWCNTs	-	-	-	7.9
[27]	Al2O3	0	97.7	-	326	3.08
		6 wt% MWCNTs	95.4	-	314	5.55
[32]	Al2O3	0	99.8	16	356	3.5
		2 wt% MWCNTs	99.5	18	402	6.8
		5 wt% MWCNTs	99.1	-	423	5.7
[34]	Al2O3	0	99.5	17.5	222	3.92
		0.15 vol% MWCNTs	98.4	21.4	242	5.27
[35]	Al2O3	0	-	16.9	-	5.5
		1 vol% MWCNTs	-	13.5	-	6.0
[36]	Mulite (3Al2O3 + 2SiO2)	0	-	-	466	2.0
		2 wt% MWCNTs	-	-	512	3.3
[69]	SiC	0	939	-	303	3.3
		10 wt% MWCNTs	94.7	-	321	3.8
[38]	ZrB2-SiC	0	-	15.8	582	4
		2 wt% MWCNTs	-	15.5	616	4.6
[39]	BaTiO3	0	98.5	-	-	0.7
		98.50	98.5			0.7
		0.5 wt% MWCNTs	97.3			1.1
		1 wt% MWCNTs	99.2			1.5
		3 wt% MWCNTs	98.6			3.0
[73]	Al2O3	0	-	-	395	4.41
		20 vol% MWCNTs	-	-	403	4.62
[74]	Al2O3	0	-	-	-	3
		1 wt% MWCNTs	-	-	-	5
[75]	Al2O3	0	-	15.71	-	3.24
		5 wt% MWCNTs	-	0.72	-	4.14
[76]	Al2O3	0	-	18.2	-	4.5
		2.5 wt% MWCNTs	-	15.75	-	11.4
[77]	Al2O3	0	99.9	22.9	-	3.54
		10 vol% MWCNTs	97.4	11	-	2.76