In vivo efficacy of Ms 9a-1 in AITC-induced pain model. Pretreatment of mice with peptide Ms 9a-1 (0.3 mg/kg i.v.) attenuated the response to AITC. Ms 9a-1 significantly reduced time spent paw guarding (A) and the number of paw licks (B) within a 5-min interval after AITC injection. C, Ms 9a-1 (0.3 mg/kg i.v.) significantly decreased development of paw edema after AITC injection. The results are presented as the mean ± S.D., n = 9 for each group; ***, p < 0.001; *, p < 0.05, versus saline group (ANOVA followed by a Tukey's test).