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. 2017 Feb 17;7:42938. doi: 10.1038/srep42938

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Copyright © 2017, The Author(s)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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Effects of TNF-α on SA-β-Gal activity (A), telomerase activity (B) and G1 cell cycle arrest (C) in rat nucleus pulposus (NP) cells on day 1 and day 3. Results showed that TNF-α significantly increased SA-β-Gal activity, decreased telomerase activity and aggravated G1 cell cycle arrest of NP cells in a dose-dependent manner on day 3. The data are expressed as the mean ± SD (n = 3). *p < 0.05, vs. the control group; ^#p < 0.05, vs. the group with 10 ng/mL TNF-α and group with 20 ng/ml TNF-α; ^&p < 0.05, vs. the group with 10 ng/mL TNF-α.