Table 5.

Extra-hippocampal sites of antidepressant action ^a.

Brain site	Treatment	CMS	Depression
Lateral habenula	Deep brain stimulation	Lim et al., 2015	Sartorius et al., 2010
	Agomelatine?	Papp et al., 2003, Boulle et al., 2014, Rossetti et al., 2016	Taylor et al., 2014
Ventral tegmental area	DA D2 antagonists	Papp and Wieronska, 2000	Kriston et al., 2014
Nucleus accumbens	DA D2 agonists	Willner et al., 1994	Lattanzi et al., 2002
	Deep brain stimulation	Gersner et al., 2010	Bewernick et al., 2012
Medial forebrain bundle	Deep brain stimulation	Furlanetti et al., 2015	Galvez et al., 2015
dl-Prefrontal cortex	Repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation	Feng et al., 2012, Wang et al., 2014, Kim et al., 2014	Rossini et al., 2005
vm-Prefrontal cortex	Deep brain stimulation	Hamani et al., 2012, Lim et al., 2015, Dournes et al., 2013	Mayberg, 2009
	Ketamine	Li et al., 2010, and many other papers	Coyle and Laws, 2015
	Riluzole	Banasr et al., 2010	Zarate et al., 2004
	L-acetylcarnitine	Nasca et al., 2013	Bersani et al., 2013
	Rapastinel	Burgdorf et al., 2015	Preskorn et al., 2015

^aFor each target, the table lists CMS studies and provides a single example from the clinical literature.