Table 4.

TIC-targeting drugs under clinical investigations. Adapted from [81, 125, 173–175]

Target molecules	Therapeutics	Disease	Clinical trial	Company
Undisclosed	TIC inhibitor BB1608	CRC	Entering phase III	Boston Biomedicals, Inc
Telomerase inhibitor	IMETELSTAT	Broad range	Phase II	Geron Corporation
CD133	Dendritic cell-based vaccine ICT-121	Glioblastoma	Entering phase I	ImmunoCelllular Therapeutics Ltd
Focal adhesion kinase inhibitor	VS6063	Advanced solid tumors	Phase I completed	Verastem and Pfeizer
Wilms Tumor 1	Peptides from Wilms Tumor 1 (FPI-01)	Leukemia and mesothelioma	Phase II	Formula Pharmaceuticals
EphA3	Human monoclonal antibody (KB004) binds EphA3	Leukemia	Phase I	KaloBios Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Notch pathway	Anti-DLL4 (demcizumab) (OMP-21 M18)	Solid tumors	Phase II	OncoMed
	Anti-Notch2/3 (OPM-59R5)	Solid tumors	Phase I
Wnt pathway	Anti-Fzd7 (OMP-18R5, vantictumab, binds 5 Frizzled receptors)	Solid tumors	Phase I
	Truncated Frizzled 8-Fc fusion protein (OMP-54 F28)	Advanced solid tumors	Phase I
Undisclosed cancer stem cell antigen	Peptides vaccine (SL401 and SL701)	Advanced leukemia and advanced brain cancer	Phase I/II completed	Stemline Therapeutics