Table 1.
Main Characteristics of Study Participants
| Variables | Controls (n = 283) | Asthma (n = 294) | All children (n = 577) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 10.5 (2.8) | 10.1 (2.6) | 10.3 (2.7) |
| Male gender | 136 (48) | 170 (58)a | 306 (53) |
| Distance from a major roadway, meters | 374 (297) | 333 (270) | 353 (284) |
| BMI, z-score | 0.50 (1.11) | 0.65 (1.18) | 0.57 (1.15) |
| Private or employer-based health insurance | 100 (35) | 88 (30) | 188 (33) |
| Annual household income >$15,000 | 94 (35) | 91 (32) | 185 (33) |
| Current ETS exposure | 102 (36) | 134 (46)a | 236 (41) |
| ETS exposure in utero or before age 2 years | 116 (41) | 148 (50)a | 264 (46) |
Results displayed as mean (SD) for continuous and n (%) for categorical variables.
a
P < 0.05 for comparison with control subjects.
BMI, body mass index; ETS, environmental tobacco smoke.