Table 2. Reason for last taking of an antibiotic (socio-demographic profile).
| Characteristics | n | Cold n (%) | Adjusted ORs (95% CI) | sig.* | Flu n (%) | Adjusted ORs (95% CI) | sig. | Cough n (%) | Adjusted ORs (95% CI) | sig. | Sore throat n (%) | Adjusted ORs (95% CI) | sig. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 1919 | 575 (30) | 303 (16) | 294 (15) | 445 (23) | ||||||||
| Sex | |||||||||||||
| Male | 810 | 275 (34) | 1 | - | 147 (18) | 1 | - | 125 (15) | 1 | - | 172 (21) | 1 | - |
| Female | 1109 | 300 (27) | 1.34 (1.09-1.64) | 0.005 | 156 (14) | 1.28 (0.99-1.65) | 0.061 | 169 (15) | 0.97 (0.75-1.26) | 0.835 | 273 (25) | 0.82 (0.66-1.02) | 0.076 |
| Age groups | |||||||||||||
| 18-24 | 236 | 73 (31) | 1 | - | 62 (26) | 1 | - | 45 (19) | 1 | - | 67 (28) | 1 | - |
| 25-34 | 363 | 120 (33) | 1.39 (0.88-2.22) | 0.161 | 63 (17) | 0.62 (0.37-1.04) | 0.070 | 58 (19) | 0.94 (0.54-1.65) | 0.830 | 84 (23) | 0.75 (0.47-1.22) | 0.253 |
| 35-44 | 292 | 88 (30) | 1.22 (0.74-2.01) | 0.434 | 49 (17) | 0.56 (0.32-0.97) | 0.038 | 41 (14) | 0.77 (0.42-1.41) | 0.395 | 76 (26) | 0.88 (0.53-1.47) | 0.630 |
| 45-59 | 583 | 170 (29) | 1.18 (0.74-1.9) | 0.483 | 81 (14) | 0.42 (0.25-0.71) | 0.001 | 81 (14) | 0.73 (0.42-1.29) | 0.284 | 129 (22) | 0.72 (0.44-1.17) | 0.181 |
| ≥60 | 445 | 124 (28) | 1.2 (0.71-2.05) | 0.494 | 48 (11) | 0.33 (0.18-0.62) | 0.001 | 69 (16) | 0.86 (0.45-1.64) | 0.653 | 89 (20) | 0.66 (0.38-1.15) | 0.140 |
| Education | |||||||||||||
| University education | 547 | 159 (29) | 1 | - | 65 (12) | 1 | - | 68 (12) | 1 | - | 129 (24) | 1 | - |
| Primary education | 162 | 48 (30) | 1.14 (0.76-1.72) | 0.520 | 32 (20) | 1.94 (1.18-3.21) | 0.009 | 30 (19) | 1.62 (0.98-2.67) | 0.057 | 40 (25) | 1.05 (0.68-1.62) | 0.820 |
| Trade school | 352 | 116 (33) | 1.27 (0.94-1.72) | 0.122 | 72 (20) | 2.02 (1.37-2.97) | <0.001 | 63 (18) | 1.67 (1.13-2.47) | 0.010 | 85 (24) | 1.06 (0.76-1.47) | 0.742 |
| Secondary education | 854 | 251 (29) | 1.07 (0.83-1.36) | 0.613 | 133 (16) | 1.38 (0.99-1.92) | 0.061 | 133 (16) | 1.31 (0.95-1.82) | 0.102 | 191 (22) | 0.92 (0.71-1.21) | 0.562 |
| Employment | |||||||||||||
| Employed | 895 | 278 (31) | 1 | - | 144 (16) | 1 | - | 133 (15) | 1 | - | 209 (23) | 1 | - |
| Unemployed | 167 | 46 (28) | 0.86 (0.59-1.26) | 0.445 | 32 (19) | 1.06 (0.68-1.65) | 0.808 | 24 (14) | 0.82 (0.5-1.33) | 0.414 | 45 (27) | 1.14 (0.77-1.68) | 0.521 |
| Pupils and students | 188 | 65 (35) | 1.38 (0.86-2.21) | 0.185 | 43 (23) | 0.84 (0.49-1.44) | 0.521 | 36 (19) | 1.06 (0.6-1.89) | 0.838 | 52 (28) | 1.04 (0.63-1.71) | 0.888 |
| Retired | 669 | 186 (28) | 0.88 (0.65-1.18) | 0.398 | 84 (13) | 0.93 (0.63-1.36) | 0.699 | 101 (15) | 0.92 (0.63-1.35) | 0.671 | 139 (21) | 0.95 (0.69-1.31) | 0.756 |
Base: respondents who had taken antibiotics (n = 1919)
*sig.–statistically significant (in bold)