Table II.
Procedural specifics by type of anesthesia during endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR)
| Variablea | Elective EVAR (n = 6009) |
Anesthesia General (n = 4868) |
Spinal (n = 419) |
Epidural (n = 331) |
Local/MAC (n = 391) |
Pb |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Surgeon speciality | ||||||
| Vascular surgeon | 5868 (97.7) | 4738 (97.3) | 417 (99.5) | 330 (99.7) | 383 (98.0) | .0020 |
| Cardiothoracic or general surgeon | 141 (2.4) | 130 (2.7) | 2 (0.5) | 1 (0.3) | 8 (2.1) | |
| Resident involved | 3849 (64.2) | 3050 (62.8) | 259 (62.4) | 268 (81.5) | 272 (69.7) | <.0001 |
| Patients requiring transfusion | 666 (11.1) | 561 (11.5) | 24 (5.7) | 38 (11.5) | 43 (11.0) | .0042 |
| Units transfused (among those) | 2.3 ± 2.1 | 2.4 ± 2.2 | 1.7 ± 1.1 | 1.5 ± 0.7 | 1.7 ± 1.2 | <.0001c |
| Operative time (minutes) | 157.5 ± 67.2 | 159.7 ± 68.8 | 137.4 ± 53.1 | 156.5 ± 58.4 | 152.1 ± 63.4 | <.0001c |
| Access type | ||||||
| Percutaneousd | 2661 (44.3) | 2253 (46.3) | 159 (38.0) | 92 (27.8) | 157 (40.2) | <.0001 |
| Any open femoral access | 3348 (55.7) | 2615 (53.7) | 260 (62.1) | 239 (72.2) | 234 (59.9) | |
| Single iliac or aortic extension | 1666 (27.7) | 1305 (26.8) | 127 (30.3) | 93 (28.1) | 141 (36.1) | .0007 |
| Multiple extensions | 508 (8.5) | 396 (8.1) | 45 (10.7) | 26 (7.9) | 41 (10.5) | .1266 |
| Hypogastric embolization | 103 (1.7) | 88 (1.8) | 4 (1.0) | 8 (2.4) | 3 (0.8) | .1919 |
| Endograft configuration | ||||||
| Bifurcated modular | ||||||
| One docking limb | 2714 (45.2) | 2165 (44.5) | 156 (37.2) | 143 (43.2) | 250 (63.9) | <.0001 |
| Two docking limbs | 2158 (35.9) | 1741 (35.8) | 192 (45.8) | 144 (43.5) | 81 (20.7) | <.0001 |
| Unibody bifurcated | 441 (7.3) | 364 (7.5) | 26 (6.2) | 16 (4.8) | 35 (9.0) | .1399 |
| Aorto-uni-iliac | 257 (4.3) | 209 (4.3) | 19 (4.5) | 17 (5.1) | 12 (3.1) | .5598 |
| Aortoaortic tube | 480 (8.0) | 422 (8.7) | 28 (6.7) | 12 (3.6) | 18 (4.6) | .0003 |
| Total work relative value units | 38.7 ± 14.8 | 38.3 ± 14.8 | 41.2 ± 13.4 | 39.9 ± 12.8 | 40.8 ± 16.8 | <.0001 |
MAC, Monitored anesthesia care.
a
Continuous variables are expressed as mean ± standard deviation; categoric variables as number (%).
b
P values for overall tests of differences among the four anesthesia categories from χ2 test for categoric variables and one-way analysis of variance or Kruskal-Wallis test for continuous variables.
c
Kruskal-Wallis test used in place of one-way analysis of variance (continuous).
d
Defined by absence of a femoral code.