Table 3.

Clinical outcomes between normal and abnormal strain, stratified by preload status

Parameter	Abnormal strain (n = 214)	Normal strain (n = 178)	p value
Overall
Hospital mortality	47 (22%)	31 (17%)	0.31
28-Day mortality	54 (25%)	36 (20%)	0.28
OFFD to day 14—cardiovascular	13 (9–13)	12 (8–13)	0.37
OFFD to day 14—coagulation	14 (13–14)	14 (13–14)	0.33
OFFD to day 14—hepatic	14 (13–14)	14 (12–14)	0.71
OFFD to day 14—renal	13 (10–14)	14 (13–14)	0.01

Low preload (E/e′ < 8)	N = 33	N = 20
Hospital mortality	8 (24%)	5 (25%)	1.00
28-Day mortality	8 (24%)	4 (20%)	1.00
OFFD to day 14—cardiovascular	12 (9–13)	10 (7–13)	0.53
OFFD to day 14—coagulation	14 (13–14)	14 (11–14)	0.39
OFFD to day 14—hepatic	14 (13–14)	14 (3–14)	0.22
OFFD to day 14—renal	13 (9–14)	13 (11–14)	0.96

Intermediate preload (E/e′ 8–14)	N = 66	N = 69
Hospital mortality	14 (21%)	12 (17%)	0.66
28-Day mortality	15 (23%)	15 (22%)	1.00
OFFD to day 14—cardiovascular	12 (9–13)	13 (8–13)	0.86
OFFD to day 14—coagulation	14 (11–14)	14 (13–14)	0.54
OFFD to day 14—hepatic	14 (11–14)	14 (12–14)	0.70
OFFD to day 14—renal	13 (9–14)	14 (13–14)	0.05

High preload (E/e′ > 14)	N = 63	N = 47
Hospital mortality	13 (21%)	6 (13%)	0.32
28-Day mortality	18 (29%)	9 (19%)	0.27
OFFD to day 14—cardiovascular	13 (8–13)	13 (10–13)	0.97
OFFD to day 14—coagulation	14 (13–14)	14 (14–14)	0.14
OFFD to day 14—hepatic	14 (13–14)	14 (14–14)	0.13
OFFD to day 14—renal	13 (11–14)	14 (13–14)	0.22

Abnormal strain is defined as >−17% [46]

OFFD organ-failure-free days