Table 2.
Factor Structure for the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS)
| Scale Items | Factors |
|---|---|
| MADRS | |
| (9) Pessimistic thought | Dysphoria |
| (10) Suicidal thought | |
| (2) Reported sadness | |
| (7) Lassitude | Retardation |
| (8) Inability to feel | |
| (1) Apparent sadness | |
| (6) Concentration difficulties | |
| (4) Reduced sleep | Vegetative Symptoms |
| (5) Reduced appetite | |
| (2) Inner tension | |
| BPRS | |
| (1) Somatic concern | Affect |
| (2) Anxiety | |
| (5) Guilt feelings | |
| (9) Depressed mood | |
| (4) Conceptual disorganization | Positive Symptoms |
| (8) Grandiosity | |
| (12) Hallucinatory behavior | |
| (15) Unusual thought content | |
| (3) Emotional withdrawal | Negative Symptoms |
| (13) Motor retardation | |
| (16) Blunted affect | |
| (10) Hostility | Resistance |
| (11) Suspiciousness | |
| (14) Uncooperativeness | |
| (6) Tension | Activation |
| (7) Mannerisms-posturing | |
| (17) Excitement | |
| (18) Disorientation |
Note. MADRS factor structure based on Suzuki’s three-factor model (Suzuki et al., 2005). BPRS factor structure based on a five-factor model (Shafer, 2005).