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. 2016 Jul 15;31(3):1192–1202. doi: 10.1007/s00464-016-5090-8

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1

Construct validity of conventional metrics and camera metrics. A Overall score, B completion time, C camera movement frequency (CFrq), D camera movement duration (CDur), and E camera movement interval (CInt). Horizontal bars indicate significant differences between surgeon groups (p < 0.05)