Table 4.

Multi-joint neuromuscular data of both legs of ACL-deficient patients and active and less-active controls (mean ± SD)

Variables	Group	Non-injured leg/dominant leg	Injured leg/non-dominant leg	Difference
				Absolute	Percentage
One-leg standing balance test, eyes open (s)	ACL patients	60 ± 0	60 ± 0	0.0	0.0
	Active controls	60 ± 0	60 ± 0	0.0	0.0
	Less-active controls	58 ± 6	57 ± 13	1.0	1.7
One-leg standing balance test, eyes closed (s)	ACL patients	33 ± 22	29 ± 20	4.0	12.1
	Active controls	31 ± 20	37 ± 20	−6.0	−19.4
	Less-active controls	26 ± 17	27 ± 20	−1.0	−3.8
Star excursion balance test, composite score (% leg length)a,*	ACL patients	83 ± 7	81 ± 7	2†	2.4
	Active controls	91 ± 13	91 ± 12	0	0.0
	Less-active controls	91 ± 10	93 ± 11	−2†	−2.2
Single-leg HOP test (cm)	ACL patients	139 ± 28	116 ± 34	23†	16.5
	Active controls	137 ± 34	134 ± 36	3	2.2
	Less-active controls	128 ± 43	121 ± 42	7†	5.5

* Between-group difference (P < 0.05)

^†Between-leg difference within each group (P < 0.05)

^aThe composite score is expressed as the mean reaching distance, relative to leg length, of the eight directions