Table 2.
Occurrence time of the top 50 symptoms/signs (exceped the prodromal symptoms) in 288 patients after EV-A71 infection and CNS involvement
| Symptoms/signs | n | Median | Min | Max | Mean | SD |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Startled | 211 | 30 | 0 | 84 | 30.0 | 23.0 |
| Myoclonic jerks/tremors | 162 | 36 | 0 | 96 | 33.3 | 23.0 |
| Fatigue/sleepiness | 115 | 48 | 0 | 136 | 44.0 | 26.5 |
| Vomiting | 74 | 30 | 0 | 96 | 35.0 | 25.2 |
| Anxiety | 39 | 36 | 0 | 136 | 40.1 | 31.1 |
| Persistent hyperpyrexiaa | 28 | 36 | 0 | 96 | 40.2 | 27.4 |
| Poor peripheral perfusionb | 28 | 48 | 18 | 114 | 53.4 | 26.1 |
| CRTc extension | 27 | 48 | 18 | 114 | 52.9 | 25.4 |
| Somnolence | 25 | 48 | 6 | 120 | 57.4 | 27.3 |
| Clammy skin | 25 | 48 | 18 | 114 | 52.4 | 26.1 |
| NPE/pneumorrhagiad | 23 | 72 | 24 | 120 | 62.9 | 28.6 |
| Abnormal respiratory rhythm | 19 | 48 | 24 | 120 | 60.1 | 27.9 |
| Hydrostomia | 18 | 24 | 6 | 54 | 27.3 | 16.8 |
| Dysphoria | 17 | 42 | 0 | 96 | 44.2 | 23.1 |
| Tachypnea | 16 | 48 | 6 | 120 | 49.1 | 27.7 |
| Nystagmus | 16 | 48 | 18 | 99 | 51.8 | 28.5 |
| Arrhythmias | 15 | 48 | 12 | 144 | 57.8 | 38.8 |
| Frights | 14 | 48 | 0 | 72 | 45.7 | 22.1 |
| Pale skin | 13 | 42 | 18 | 96 | 50.9 | 25.8 |
| Tachycardia | 12 | 47.5 | 24 | 120 | 49.6 | 26.3 |
| Mottled skin | 12 | 53.75 | 18 | 106 | 53.5 | 26.6 |
| Acute lower extremity flaccid paralysis | 12 | 54 | 0 | 125 | 55.6 | 37.8 |
| Seizures | 10 | 24 | 0 | 96 | 31.7 | 26.9 |
| Eyeball ataxia | 10 | 54 | 24 | 99 | 57.6 | 31.7 |
| Moderate coma | 9 | 68 | 27 | 106 | 58.9 | 25.9 |
| Refractory shock | 9 | 72 | 30 | 93 | 59.9 | 23.7 |
| Autokinetic eyeball | 8 | 45 | 18 | 72 | 43.8 | 18.3 |
| Dysphagia | 8 | 60 | 12 | 68 | 51.3 | 18.4 |
| Decreased or absent pharyngeal reflex | 8 | 66 | 12 | 120 | 63.9 | 34.7 |
| Nuchal rigidity | 8 | 59.5 | 24 | 130 | 66.5 | 37.0 |
| Hyperventilation | 8 | 48 | 12 | 120 | 57.5 | 35.1 |
| Hypertension | 7 | 48 | 24 | 83 | 53.0 | 23.6 |
| Excessive tachycardia | 7 | 62 | 26 | 88 | 58.1 | 23.2 |
| Mild coma | 7 | 36 | 24 | 96 | 49.7 | 27.0 |
| Knee hyporeflexia | 7 | 54 | 36 | 72 | 55.1 | 12.5 |
| Death | 7 | 77 | 32 | 105 | 63.4 | 29.6 |
| Severe coma | 6 | 73.5 | 30 | 75 | 59.3 | 22.7 |
| Ataxic respiration | 6 | 63.5 | 26 | 78 | 57.8 | 20.9 |
| Bradycardia | 6 | 74 | 48 | 96 | 76.7 | 18.0 |
| Ultrahyperpyrexia | 5 | 47 | 26 | 76 | 47.4 | 21.3 |
| Neck weakness | 5 | 48 | 24 | 72 | 48.0 | 24.0 |
| Acute upper extremity flaccid paralysis | 5 | 72 | 47 | 125 | 72.8 | 31.7 |
| Acute extremities flaccid paralysis | 5 | 72 | 48 | 120 | 72.0 | 29.4 |
| Abnormal PLR | 5 | 72 | 32 | 79 | 65.8 | 19.1 |
| Hypomyotonia | 5 | 47 | 0 | 125 | 53.6 | 48.0 |
| Headache | 4 | 24 | 6 | 72 | 31.5 | 28.7 |
| Mydriasis | 4 | 76.5 | 36 | 79 | 67.0 | 20.7 |
| Frequent vomiting | 3 | 24 | 12 | 64 | 33.3 | 27.2 |
| Apneustic breathing | 3 | 29 | 24 | 99 | 50.7 | 41.9 |
| Ultrahypertension | 3 | 75 | 72 | 82 | 76.3 | 5.1 |
SD standard deviation
acontinuous high fever >2 h with treatment
bCRT extension, pale skin, piebald skin, limb coldness
ccapillary refill time
dneurogenic pulmonary edema and hemorrhage